{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T22:49:26Z","timestamp":1780440566037,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,2]],"date-time":"2023-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685664000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Section of Legal Medicine, University of Bari"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Child abuse represents an important issue in the medico-legal and social context. In the last few decades, various aspects and mechanisms have been identified in child abuse case studies; however, constant research is needed in the field. With this paper, the authors will present a case of a new entity of Abusive Head Trauma that has come to the attention of medico-legal experts. Discussion: The trauma analysis performed on the cranio-encephalic district of the baby revealed quite peculiar lesions that led the authors to exclude that the injuries had been solely caused by violent shaking of the baby\u2019s head, as suggested by Shaken Baby Syndrome. Instead, the authors hypothesised that another lesion mechanism had been added to this one, namely latero-lateral cranial compression. The comprehensive and exhaustive analysis of the case led the authors to present a new possible entity in child abuse trauma, namely \u2018Compressed Baby Head\u2019. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, in the current literature, no similar clinical cases have ever been described. Thus, the case\u2019s uniqueness deserves to be brought to the attention of experts and the entire scientific community, as well as medical personnel, paediatricians, and reanimators. These professional figures are the first individuals who may encounter complex clinical cases such as the one presented in this paper; thus, they need to know how to properly manage the case and ensure protection for the abused infants and children.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children10061003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,2]],"date-time":"2023-06-02T08:50:31Z","timestamp":1685695831000},"page":"1003","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["\u2018Compressed Baby Head\u2019: A New \u2018Abusive Head Trauma\u2019 Entity?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1332-8278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enrica","family":"Macorano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Legal Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari \u2018Aldo Moro\u2019, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mattia","family":"Gentile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Genetics, Maternal and Child Department, Hospital of Venus, 70012 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giandomenico","family":"Stellacci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Paediatric Imaging, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, 70126 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariano","family":"Manzionna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Complex Operating Unit, Paediatric and Neonatology, San Paolo Hospital, ASL Bari, 70100 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4289-8907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federica","family":"Mele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Legal Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari \u2018Aldo Moro\u2019, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariagrazia","family":"Calvano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Legal Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari \u2018Aldo Moro\u2019, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mirko","family":"Leonardelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Legal Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari \u2018Aldo Moro\u2019, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8017-1958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano","family":"Duma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Legal Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari \u2018Aldo Moro\u2019, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"De Gabriele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Legal Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari \u2018Aldo Moro\u2019, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Cristalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Legal Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari \u2018Aldo Moro\u2019, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raffaella","family":"Minella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 5UX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aldo","family":"Di Fazio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Complex Intercompany Institute of Legal Medicine, 85100 Potenza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Introna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Legal Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari \u2018Aldo Moro\u2019, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yoon, S., Lee, J., Jun, Y.H., and Jeon, G.W. 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