{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T13:30:40Z","timestamp":1770471040694,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]],"date-time":"2023-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688083200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection is the leading cause of non-hereditary sensorineural hearing loss in children. While about 10% of children reportedly display symptoms at birth, 85\u201390% of cCMV infection cases are asymptomatic. However, 10\u201315% of these asymptomatic infants may later develop hearing, visual, or neurodevelopmental impairments. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of cCMV infection on newborns\u2019 hearing function with a particular emphasis on progressive and late-onset cases. Methods: This study is a retrospective chart analysis with longitudinal character and was conducted in two Italian centers: Center 1 (from 1 November 2007 to 31 December 2021) and Center 2 (from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2021). Data collected included newborn hearing screening results, characterization of hearing loss (unilateral\/bilateral, degree of impairment), and audiological follow-up. Results: The cohort consisted of 103 children (42% males, 58% females). In total, 28 children presented with hearing impairment; 71.4% (20 out of 28) of the cases of hearing loss were severe\/profound, with 35.7% of the cases due to unilateral hearing loss. Out of twenty-eight, six experienced progression of hearing loss and four had late-onset hearing loss. Conclusions: In the absence of universal cCMV screening, hearing screening at birth for cCMV remains a critical factor for early diagnosis. A significant percentage of children affected by cCMV with normal audiological evaluations at birth is easily lost to follow-up. Close collaboration between neonatologists, pediatricians, and audiological services is fundamental to ensure timely diagnosis and treatment of cCMV-related hearing loss.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children10071136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]],"date-time":"2023-06-30T16:06:37Z","timestamp":1688141197000},"page":"1136","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The Audiological Follow-Up of Children with Symptomatic Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection: An Experience in Two Italian Centers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5521-4343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Palma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Audiology, Primary Care Department, AUSL of Modena, 41100 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Forli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, Otorhinolaryngology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, 56121 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, 41125 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Riccardo","family":"Filice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, 41125 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Concetta","family":"D\u2019adamo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, Otorhinolaryngology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, 41125 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Federica","family":"Roversi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, 41125 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Monzani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ENT, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynaecology and Paediatrics, University of Verona, Borgo Roma Hospital, 37100 Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Lorenzoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology and NICU, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Botti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD Program in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 21124 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Berrettini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, Otorhinolaryngology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, 56121 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Bruschini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, Otorhinolaryngology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, 56121 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3534-7499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"Berardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, 41125 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Genovese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, Otorhinolaryngology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, 41125 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachele","family":"Canelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, Otorhinolaryngology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, 56121 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2013.12.010","article-title":"Systematic review of the birth prevalence of congenital cytomegalovirus infection in developing countries","volume":"22","author":"Lanzieri","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. 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