{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T23:54:42Z","timestamp":1774569282947,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]],"date-time":"2023-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698278400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004795","name":"Institut Universitaire de France (IUF)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["L17P99-IUF004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["L17P99-IUF004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004795","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We aimed to explore the developmental trajectory of depressive symptoms in a national sample of French children with a high intellectual potential (HIP) seeking help from gifted organizations. Participants were drawn from a national retrospective survey sent to 1200 families with HIP children (IQ \u2265 130) from primary to high school and they answered a self-report questionnaire of a depression scale (MDI-C). The children\u2019s parents completed a self-report questionnaire collected on different stages of the child\u2019s school level, perinatality, psychomotor development, health, family\u2019s history, behavior, interpersonal relationships and daily activities, school performance, presence of learning disorders and remediation. Four hundred and twenty HIP children were eligible with an IQ \u2265 130 aged from 8 to 17 years-old, 49% with depressive symptoms and 51% with no depressive symptoms. Analysis of 136 variables from anamnestic fields based on the use of Spearman\u2019s \u03c1 test (\u03c1) with a non-parametric correlations showed that \u201clearning disabilities\u201d are significantly related to depressive symptoms in different groups (primary p = 0.001, middle p = 0.02, high school p = 0.001) as well as \u201cdifficulties in psychomotor skills\u201d during primary (p = 0.003) and middle school (p = 0.02). Good relationships with family as well as with peers are significantly negatively correlated with depressive symptoms from childhood to primary (p = 0.003) and high school (p = 0.02). Certain details of correlations between the MDI-C scale\u2019s subfactors and anamnestic variables were analyzed. The ANOVA test about the MDI-C scale showed provocation as a significant marker at middle school (F (1, 418) = 3.487, p = 0.03) and low self-esteem at high school (F (1, 418) = 3.337, p = 0.03). A holistic developmental approach allowed us to highlight the risk factors of depression with a developmental trajectory origin linked to disorders of social adjustment and psychomotor skills and to the importance of misdiagnosed learning disabilities because of giftedness. Our findings support the interest in an early identification of and intervention in depression risk to improve clinical decision making on the effect of giftedness on mental health outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children10111738","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]],"date-time":"2023-10-26T06:20:16Z","timestamp":1698301216000},"page":"1738","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Developmental Trajectory of Depressive Symptoms from Early Childhood through High School in Children and Adolescents with a High Intellectual Potential"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6249-6342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurence","family":"Vaivre-Douret","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Paris Descartes, Faculty of Health, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, 75006 Paris, France"},{"name":"Clinical Neurodevelopmental Phenotyping, University Institute of France (Institut Universitaire de France, IUF), 75005 Paris, France"},{"name":"Unit 1018-CESP, PsyDev\/NDTA Team, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, 91190 Villejuif, France"},{"name":"Department of Child Psychiatry, AP-HP Centre, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, 75015 Paris, France"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, IMAGINE Institute, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, 75015 Paris, France"},{"name":"Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, \u201cNeuro-D\u00e9veloppement et Troubles des Apprentissages (NDTA)\u201d, INSERM UMR 1018-CESP, Carr\u00e9 Necker Porte N4, 149, Rue de S\u00e8vres, 75015 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soukaina","family":"Hamdioui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit 1018-CESP, PsyDev\/NDTA Team, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, 91190 Villejuif, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"APA (2013). 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