{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T20:01:25Z","timestamp":1784145685485,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,26]],"date-time":"2024-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706227200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Atomoxetine is indicated for the management of attention deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years. Few studies have assessed the safety and tolerability of atomoxetine in younger patients. This retrospective cohort study included 133 children aged 3\u20136 years who were diagnosed with ADHD comorbid with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The primary endpoint was the evaluation of the safety profile of atomoxetine. In total, 50 patients (37.6%) experienced adverse events (AEs), which led to treatment discontinuation in 23 patients (17.3%). The most common AEs were gastrointestinal (24.1%), aggression or hostility (12.8%), and increased hyperactivity (9.0%). In the 23 patients who discontinued treatment, all the AEs resolved after treatment ceased. Among the 110 patients who completed at least 6 months\u2019 treatment, atomoxetine titrated to a dose of 1.2\u20131.8 mg\/kg\/day appeared to be well tolerated and effective. The Clinical Global Impression\u2014Improvement score improved to 1 (\u201cvery much improved\u201d) and 2 (\u201cmuch improved\u201d) in 62.4% and 20.3% of children, respectively, at their last visit. Overall, atomoxetine appeared to be well tolerated in younger children with comorbid ADHD and ASD. Nevertheless, close patient monitoring remains essential, and the study limitations necessitate caution in generalizing these findings to broader populations. Long-term prospective studies are required.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children11020163","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,26]],"date-time":"2024-01-26T08:56:01Z","timestamp":1706259361000},"page":"163","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Atomoxetine Treatment of Attention Deficit\/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in 3\u20136-Year-Old Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Retrospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3646-7599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamza A.","family":"Alsayouf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr Hamza Alsayouf Clinic, Amman 11181, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osama","family":"Alsarhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr Hamza Alsayouf Clinic, Amman 11181, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wael","family":"Khreisat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Medical Services, Amman 11855, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azhar","family":"Daoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Specialty Hospital, Amman 11942, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-022-00958-6","article-title":"Autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder: Shared or unique neurocognitive profiles?","volume":"51","author":"Schachar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Res. 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