{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:04:35Z","timestamp":1792803875465,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]],"date-time":"2024-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Erasmus+ Programme\/KA1 Mobility for Traineeship 2018\/2019"},{"name":"Barts Health NHS Trust","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00b31g692","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The rising prevalence of paediatric type 2 diabetes (T2D) is concerning, particularly with limited medical intervention despite evidence of accelerated disease progression. This study of a Barts Health NHS Trust cohort from 2008 to 2022 aims to elucidate the incidence, clinical outcomes, and complications associated with paediatric T2D. A retrospective analysis utilising electronic and paper records identified 40 patients with T2D. The incidence doubled from 2.6\/year in 2008\u20132013 to 5.4\/year in 2014\u20132018. Sixty-eight percent exhibited co-morbidities, notably learning disabilities. At diagnosis, the mean BMI was 32.4 \u00b1 6.71 kg\/m2, with no gender-based disparity and no significant change over a two-year follow-up. The initial HbA1c was 75.2 \u00b1 21.0 mmol\/mol, decreasing to 55.0 \u00b1 17.4 mmol\/mol after three months (p = 0.001) and then rising to 63.0 \u00b1 25.5 mmol\/mol at one year (p = 0.07). While 22\/37 patients achieved HbA1c &lt; 48 mmol\/mol, only 9 maintained this for a year. Several metabolic and cardiovascular complications were observed at diagnosis and follow-up, with no significant change in frequency. In 2022, 15 patients transitioned to adult services. HbA1c at transition was 74.7 \u00b1 27.6 mmol\/mol, showing no change one year post-transition (71.9 \u00b1 26.9 mmol\/mol, p = 0.34). This study highlights substantial therapeutic failure, with current management falling short in achieving a sustained reduction in BMI or HbA1c. Novel treatment approaches are needed to improve clinical outcomes and address the high burden of co-morbidities and complications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children11020173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]],"date-time":"2024-01-29T08:11:27Z","timestamp":1706515887000},"page":"173","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Exploring the Surge in Paediatric Type 2 Diabetes in an Inner-City London Centre\u2014A Decade-Long Analysis of Incidence, Outcomes, and Transition"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Farah","family":"Abdelhameed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Barts Health NHS Trust\u2014Royal London Children\u2019s Hospital, London E1 1BB, UK"},{"name":"William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London Medical School, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Giuffrida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Barts Health NHS Trust\u2014Royal London Children\u2019s Hospital, London E1 1BB, UK"},{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ben","family":"Thorp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Barts Health NHS Trust\u2014Royal London Children\u2019s Hospital, London E1 1BB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myuri K.","family":"Moorthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Barts Health NHS Trust\u2014Royal London Children\u2019s Hospital, London E1 1BB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4397-4126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evelien F.","family":"Gevers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Barts Health NHS Trust\u2014Royal London Children\u2019s Hospital, London E1 1BB, UK"},{"name":"William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London Medical School, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2022, November 10). 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