{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:19:33Z","timestamp":1760145573230,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]],"date-time":"2024-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic period from 2020 to 2022 had a significant impact on maternal infant health with mothers impacted more than their infants. We questioned whether there have been any lingering effects from the pandemic. Methods: We examined intermediate and long-term pandemic effects on maternal and neonatal outcomes before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic period. We reviewed mother\u2013infant pairs from the following three epochs: (1) the pre\u2013COVID-19 period, (2) the COVID-19 pandemic period, and (3) the post-pandemic period. The Case Mix Index (CMI) for the neonates from all three epochs were detailed. Results: Post-pandemic, we noted a rising trend of LGA infants (10%) and an increase in SGA infants (13%). For women in 2023, we noted an increase in hypertension, preeclampsia, diabetes, and a higher BMI than in the pre-pandemic period. There have also been more congenital anomalies (9%), and neonatal CMI increased in the post-pandemic period. Conclusions: Well after the pandemic period, maternal\u2013infant health continues to be affected. For women, the increase in hypertension and diabetes during pregnancy is concerning. For infants, being LGA or SGA may have long-term consequences. The post-pandemic increase in infants with congenital anomalies compared to the pre-pandemic era is an area that needs ongoing review.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children11080924","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T12:38:20Z","timestamp":1722515900000},"page":"924","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Legacy of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Impact on Infant and Maternal and Health from an Appalachian Academic Medical Center"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Kelsey","family":"Haarbauer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Burke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health Children\u2019s Hospital, Hershey, PA 17033, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. Cody","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Audrey N.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia N.","family":"Moran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alicia A.","family":"Moise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lesley","family":"Cottrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3817-9088","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark J.","family":"Polak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"490","article-title":"Maternal and neonatal characteristics and outcomes among COVID-19 infected women: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"52","author":"Dubey","year":"2020","journal-title":"EJOG"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"100","article-title":"Outcome of coronavirus spectrum infections (SARS, MERS, COVID-19) during pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"2","author":"Khalil","year":"2020","journal-title":"AJOG MFM"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"101","article-title":"Maternal clinical Characteristics, and perinatal outcomes among pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019. 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