{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T19:23:09Z","timestamp":1788895389934,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a chronic arthritis of unknown cause that develops in patients younger than 16 years of age and persists for at least 6 weeks. It is an important cause of short- and long-term physical and mental impairments in children. The goal of treatment for JIA is remission. A T2T (treatment-to-target) has been proposed and practiced as a means of achieving remission. The method of evaluating the disease activity of JIA depends on the disease type. For systemic JIA, disease activity is determined by comprehensively considering joint findings, systemic inflammatory findings, changes in inflammatory and synovitis markers, imaging findings, and other factors. For articular JIA other than systemic JIA, the Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score (JADAS-27) is used to evaluate disease activity. The CHAQ (Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire) and the Japanese version of the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) are mainly used to assess the physical function and ADL. The CHAQ is a global standard assessment method with the advantage that it can be transitioned to the HAQ used in adults, making it useful for international comparisons. The mRS is used to classify the severity of JIA as a chronic disease, and is an indispensable evaluation method in the specific disease procedure in Japan. It is necessary to have pediatric-specific knowledge of growth and development and routine childhood immunizations and to consider transition support tailored to the patient\u2019s situation. Ultimately, the goal is to foster the patient\u2019s independence and to provide an uninterrupted follow-up in the adult care department. Continuous follow-up will be provided during the schooling (and later, employment) period, and the relationship with the patient will be tailored to their developmental stage. It is also important to understand and communicate the importance of contraception and the drugs that cannot be used during pregnancy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children11080952","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T11:33:52Z","timestamp":1723030432000},"page":"952","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Overview of the Treatment Goal, the Method of Evaluating Disease Activity\/Physical Function, Activities of Daily Living, and Traditional Care for Systemic or Articular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis in Japan"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2130-4866","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masaaki","family":"Mori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Lifetime Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan"},{"name":"Division of Rheumatology and Allergology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"390","article-title":"International League of Associations for Rheumatology: International League of Associations for Rheumatology classification of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: Second revision, Edmonton, 2001","volume":"31","author":"Petty","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Subcommittee for Investigation of Pediatric Rheumatoid Arthritis, and Japan College of Rheumatology (2015). Guide to the Initial Treatment of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis 2015, Medical Review Co., Ltd."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Takei, S. (2022). Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research for Dreams Come True Remission. Children, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/children9030324"},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Subcommittee for Investigation of Pediatric Rheumatoid Arthritis, and Japan College of Rheumatology (2017). Clinical Handbook of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis 2017, Medical Review Co., Ltd."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"(2024, June 21). A Guide for Medical Staff to Support Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis at Every Stage of Life (Edited by Research Group for \u201cResearch on Support for Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis According to Life Stages\u201d, Project Funded by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Policy Research on Immunological and Allergic Diseases, MHLW), Japan, 2021. Available online: https:\/\/www.ryumachi-jp.com\/medical-staff\/life-stage-guide\/."},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"Petty, R.E., Laxer, R.M., Lindsley, C.B., Wedderburn, L., Fuhlbrigge, R.C., and Mellins, E.D. (2021). Textbook of Pediatric Rheumatology, Elsevier. [8th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"Japan College of Rheumatology (2020). Guidelines for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis, Shindan to Chiry\u014d Sha."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"819","article-title":"Treating juvenile idiopathic arthritis to target: Recommendations of an international task force","volume":"77","author":"Ravelli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"2290","article-title":"Preliminary criteria for clinical remission for select categories of juvenile idiopathic arthritis","volume":"31","author":"Wallace","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20497","article-title":"American College of Rheumatology provisional criteria for defining clinical inactive disease in select categories of juvenile idiopathic arthritis","volume":"63","author":"Wallace","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res."},{"key":"ref_11","unstructured":"Intractable Disease Information Center (2023, June 21). Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (Designated Intractable Disease 107). Available online: https:\/\/www.nanbyou.or.jp\/entry\/3947."},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"(2023, June 21). Pediatric Rheumatology Association in Japan, Clinical Support Tools: JADAS-27 Calculation. Available online: http:\/\/www.praj.jp\/activities\/JADAS27Calc.html."},{"key":"ref_13","unstructured":"Pediatric Rheumatology Association in Japan (2023, June 21). Japanese Version of Modified CHAQ. Available online: http:\/\/www.praj.jp\/activities\/JCHAQ.html."},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"MHLW (2023, June 21). Designated Intractable Diseases no. 107 Enforced on 1 January 2015. Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Overview, Diagnostic Criteria, etc. Available online: https:\/\/www.mhlw.go.jp\/file\/06-Seisakujouhou-10900000-Kenkoukyoku\/0000198074.docx."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1949.02900430001001","article-title":"Therapeutic criteria in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"140","author":"Steinbrocker","year":"1949","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_16","unstructured":"(2024, June 21). \u201cPediatric Rheumatic Disease Transition Support Guide for Adult Care Physicians\u201d (Project funded by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Policy Research on Intractable Diseases, etc., MHLW), Yodosha. Available online: https:\/\/www.ryumachi-jp.com\/publish\/others\/ikouki\/."},{"key":"ref_17","unstructured":"Got Transition (2023, June 21). Six Core Elements of Health Care Transition 3.0 Transitioning Youth to an Adult Health Care Provider. Available online: https:\/\/www.gottransition.org\/."},{"key":"ref_18","unstructured":"Secretariat of Transition Support and Independence Support Project, National Center for Child Health and Development (2023, June 21). Transition Support and Independence Support Information Sharing Website for Patients with Childhood-Onset Chronic Illnesses. Available online: https:\/\/transition-support.jp\/."},{"key":"ref_19","unstructured":"Japan College of Rheumatology (2023, June 21). Pediatric and Transitional Care. Available online: https:\/\/www.ryumachi-jp.com\/member\/pediatrics\/."}],"container-title":["Children"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2227-9067\/11\/8\/952\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T15:31:11Z","timestamp":1760110271000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2227-9067\/11\/8\/952"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]}},"alternative-id":["children11080952"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/children11080952","relation":{},"ISSN":["2227-9067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2227-9067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]]}}}