{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T16:01:41Z","timestamp":1782230501711,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan","award":["NSTC 111-2635-B-182A-004-"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC 111-2635-B-182A-004-"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: This study examined the associations of passive and active online sexual risk behaviors with perceived family relationships, impulsivity, and attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Participants and methods: A total of 176 adolescents with ADHD and 173 adolescents without ADHD participated in this study. The participants\u2019 parents rated their parenting style on the Parental Bonding Instrument. The adolescents self-reported their lifelong experiences of passive and active online sexual risk behaviors, perceived family relationship quality on the family domain of the Taiwanese Quality of Life Questionnaire for Adolescents, and three domains of impulsivity on the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale version 11. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the associations of online sexual risk behaviors with perceived family relationships, impulsivity, and ADHD. Results: Overall, 114 participants (32.7%) reported passive forms of online sexual risk behaviors, and 49 (14.0%) reported active online sexual risk behaviors. Lack of foresight and self-control was significantly associated with passive online sexual risk behaviors (p = 0.003). Good family relationship was significantly associated with a decreased risk of active online sexual risk behaviors (p = 0.011), whereas seeking novelty and making decisions hastily was significantly associated with an increased risk of active online sexual risk behaviors (p = 0.048). ADHD diagnosis and inability to plan were not significantly associated with online sexual risk behaviors (p &gt; 0.05). Conclusion: A high proportion of Taiwanese adolescents reported exhibiting online sexual risk behaviors. The factors related to the manifestation of these behaviors should be considered when designing relevant intervention programs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children11101199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T03:12:28Z","timestamp":1727665948000},"page":"1199","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Online Sexual Risk Behaviors in Adolescents: Roles of Family Relationships, Impulsivity, and Attention-Deficit\/Hyperactivity Disorder"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Wen-Jiun","family":"Chou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Kaohsiung 83341, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tai-Ling","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ray C.","family":"Hsiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Children\u2019s Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98105, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1156-4939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheng-Fang","family":"Yen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Professional Studies, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20162593","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-2593","article-title":"Children and adolescents and digital media","volume":"138","author":"Radesky","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chc.2016.03.004","article-title":"Internet addiction and other behavioral addictions","volume":"25","author":"Jorgenson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Child Adolesc. 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