{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T17:21:34Z","timestamp":1787505694149,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]],"date-time":"2024-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733961600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009392","name":"Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PSAU\/2024\/01\/88903"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PSAU\/2024\/01\/88903"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of laser photobiomodulation (PBM) in reducing postoperative pain following single-visit endodontic treatment in children aged 5\u20139 years. Methods: Forty children aged 5\u20139 years with acute irreversible pulpitis in deciduous molars requiring single-visit pulpectomy were included in the study. Pulpectomy was performed according to a standard endodontic protocol. The participants were randomly allocated to two groups: group A received laser photobiomodulation using an 810 nm diode laser applied to the periapical area of the treated tooth postoperatively, and group B received blue light LED, applied at similar points to the control teeth. This was a placebo intervention. Pain scores were measured using a 10-point Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at 4, 12, 24, and 48 h post-treatment. The Friedman test was used to compare the VAS scores within groups over time, and the Mann\u2013Whitney U-test was used to compare the VAS scores between the two groups. The significance level was fixed at p &lt; 0.05. Result: The mean VAS scores were significantly lower in the PBM group compared to the placebo group at the 4th h, 12th h, and 24th h post-treatment (p \u2264 0.05). The pain levels remained stable over time in the PBM group, with no significant difference in pain scores from 4 h to 48 h (p = 0.57). In the placebo group, the pain gradually decreased from the 4th h to the 48th h, with a significant reduction in pain observed between the 12th h and 48th h (p = 0.05). Conclusions: Laser photobiomodulation (PBM) was found to be effective in reducing postoperative pain following single-visit endodontic treatment in children. This non-invasive approach could offer a valuable alternative for pain management in pediatric endodontics, particularly given its effectiveness without the need for systemic medications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children11121511","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]],"date-time":"2024-12-12T03:52:49Z","timestamp":1733975569000},"page":"1511","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effect of Laser Photobiomodulation on Postoperative Pain After Single-Visit Endodontic Treatment in Children: A Randomized Control Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Yashaswini S.","family":"Angolkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Maratha Mandal\u2019s Nathajirao G. Halgekar Institute of Dental Sciences & Research Centre, Belgaum 590019, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sadanand","family":"Kulkarni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Maratha Mandal\u2019s Nathajirao G. Halgekar Institute of Dental Sciences & Research Centre, Belgaum 590019, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chandrashekar M.","family":"Yavagal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davanagere 577004, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6507-1868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Puja C.","family":"Yavagal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Dentistry, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davanagere 577004, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umesh","family":"Bhosle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Maratha Mandal\u2019s Nathajirao G. Halgekar Institute of Dental Sciences & Research Centre, Belgaum 590019, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viplavi Chavan","family":"Patil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Maratha Mandal\u2019s Nathajirao G. Halgekar Institute of Dental Sciences & Research Centre, Belgaum 590019, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3369-9925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sultan Abdulrahman","family":"Almalki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3920-8082","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inderjit Murugendrappa","family":"Gowdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9623-559X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khalid","family":"Gufran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.19127\/mbsjohs.703749","article-title":"Effect of low-level laser therapy on postoperative pain after single-visit endodontic treatment: A placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial","volume":"6","author":"Cakici","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mid. 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