{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T10:14:01Z","timestamp":1771668841921,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":162,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]],"date-time":"2024-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734998400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Before 1985, growth hormone (GH) was extracted from human pituitaries, and its therapeutic use was limited to children with severe GH deficiency (GHD). The availability of an unlimited amount of recombinant GH (rhGH) allowed for investigating the efficacy of its therapeutic use in a number of conditions other than GHD. Nowadays, patients with Turner syndrome, SHOX deficiency, Noonan syndrome, Prader\u2013Willi syndrome, idiopathic short stature, chronic kidney disease, and children born small for gestational age can be treated with rhGH in order to improve adult height. In patients with Prader\u2013Willi syndrome, rhGH therapy also improves body composition and cognitive function. Large post-marketing multinational studies in a large number of pediatric patients demonstrated a good safety profile for rhGH. Recently, long-acting formulations of rhGH have been approved and licensed for GHD, and clinical trials are ongoing for other conditions. In this paper, we review the rhGH therapy in children with conditions other than GHD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children12010003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]],"date-time":"2024-12-24T04:45:49Z","timestamp":1735015549000},"page":"3","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["GH Therapy in Non\u2013Growth Hormone-Deficient Children"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6927-7214","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Guzzetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"SSD Pediatric Endocrinology and Neonatal Screening Centre, Microcitemico Pediatric Hospital, 09121 Cagliari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6899-3884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anastasia","family":"Ibba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SSD Pediatric Endocrinology and Neonatal Screening Centre, Microcitemico Pediatric Hospital, 09121 Cagliari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Incandela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SSD Pediatric Endocrinology and Neonatal Screening Centre, Microcitemico Pediatric Hospital, 09121 Cagliari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4558-8533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandro","family":"Loche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Area for Innovative Therapy in Endocrinology, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"3990","article-title":"Consensus Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Growth Hormone (GH) Deficiency in Childhood and Adolescence: Summary Statement of the GH Research Society","volume":"85","author":"Society","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. 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