{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T15:52:17Z","timestamp":1765295537720,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Fetal growth restriction (FGR) refers to a condition in which a fetus does not reach its genetically predetermined growth potential due to various pathological factors of maternal or fetal origin, with potential long-life consequences, such as elevated blood pressure, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis. Aim: The purpose of our research is to delve into the intricate relationship between economic and social factors and the occurrence of FGR. Methods: We analyzed risk factors previously associated with FGR and aimed to compare them between two cohorts of infants with FGR: a historical cohort of infants born from 2010 to 2012 and a contemporary cohort of infants born from 2020 to 2022. Results: The global incidence of FGR in our study was 5.13%, with non-significant differences between the two time periods: 5.03% in the historical cohort and 5.25% in the contemporary cohort. More mothers of FGR infants receive formal education and are employed in the contemporary group and thus have a more stable income. There was a major decrease in the number of preterm infants with FGR, from 23.9% in the historical cohort to 5.9% in the contemporary cohort (p &lt; 0.001). Compared to the historical cohort, we found significant increases in the incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension, Cesarean sections, and prenatal follow-up in the contemporary cohort (8.3% vs. 3.8%, p &lt; 0.001; 59.2% vs. 49.9%, p &lt; 0.001; 67.7% vs. 49.6%, p &lt; 0.001, respectively) and we also found significant correlations between prenatal care on one side and maternal smoking, urban residence, higher maternal education, and prematurity on the other. Conclusions: Certain socioeconomic factors show definite improvements over the ten-year timespan, which results in an increase in prenatal care and a decrease in the rate of prematurity. However, the incidence of FGR remains constant over the considered period, meaning that other factors, apart from socioeconomic factors, play a substantial role. Recognizing these risk factors is crucial for developing effective public health strategies aimed at reducing the incidence of FGR and improving maternal and child outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children12020152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T06:47:29Z","timestamp":1738046849000},"page":"152","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Involvement of Maternal and Socioeconomic Risk Factors in the Incidence of Fetal Growth Restriction in a Large Maternity Hospital in Romania"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Mariana-L\u0103cr\u0103mioara","family":"Bucur-Grosu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cCuza-Vod\u0103\u201d Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 700038 Ia\u0219i, Romania"},{"name":"Doctoral School, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5187-9938","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreea","family":"Avasiloaiei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cCuza-Vod\u0103\u201d Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 700038 Ia\u0219i, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Mother and Child Health, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0597-8839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iolanda Valentina","family":"Popa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3850-797X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lumini\u021ba","family":"P\u0103duraru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cCuza-Vod\u0103\u201d Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 700038 Ia\u0219i, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Mother and Child Health, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela Cristina","family":"Dimitriu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cCuza-Vod\u0103\u201d Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 700038 Ia\u0219i, Romania"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Demetra","family":"Socolov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cCuza-Vod\u0103\u201d Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 700038 Ia\u0219i, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Mother and Child Health, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.298.6673.564","article-title":"Growth in utero, blood pressure in childhood and adult life, and mortality from cardiovascular disease","volume":"298","author":"Barker","year":"1989","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2007.01809.x","article-title":"The origins of the developmental origins theory","volume":"261","author":"Barker","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Intern. 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