{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T14:01:27Z","timestamp":1788357687634,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Syphilis during pregnancy can be easily missed with potential severe outcomes of the newborns, including congenital syphilis (CS). We report the neonatal outcomes of a cohort of mothers with syphilis during pregnancy. Methods: a retrospective cohort study in a referral university hospital in Rome, enrolling mother\/newborn couples followed up from 2016 to 2023 by a multidisciplinary team including infectious disease specialists, obstetricians, microbiologists, neonatologists and pediatricians. Primary outcome was the assessment of risk factors for development of congenital syphilis (CS) in the newborns. Results: Fifty-three pregnant women (median age 34, IQR 29\u201337 years) with documented syphilis in pregnancy have been included in this study. 50\/52 (96.2%) were treated during pregnancy, and forty of them (80%) received adequate treatment. Fifty-three newborns were born from mothers with syphilis during pregnancy (female 25\/48, 52.1%). Four newborns were classified as CS (7.5%), and two newborns as probable CS (3.8%). Newborns with CS were born more frequently from mothers treated inadequately (p 0.02), had higher probability of neonatal intensive care unit admission (p &lt; 0.001), had a higher Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) titer (p 0.076), higher ALT (p 0.005). Univariate logistic regression conducted on the development of CS showed an adequate treatment as a protective factor (OR 0.03; 95% CI: 0.002; 0.31; p = 0.002), while later weeks of pregnancy for the beginning of treatment as a risk factor (OR 1.24; 95% CI: 1.02; 1.51; p = 0.026). Conclusions: Syphilis still represents a potential problem for women of childbearing age and their newborns, even in a high-income setting, making congenital syphilis far from being eradicated in Italy. Moreover, adequate and early treatment should be provided to avoid negative consequences to the newborns.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children12030307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T04:28:18Z","timestamp":1740716898000},"page":"307","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Neonatal Outcomes of Mothers with Syphilis During Pregnancy: A Retrospective Single Center Experience"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8567-2639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danilo","family":"Buonsenso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00136 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Area Pediatrica, Dipartimento di Scienza Della Vita e Sanit\u00e0 Pubblica, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00136 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4780-2989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Raffaelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, UOC di Malattie Infettive, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00136 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1160-1456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Camporesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, \u201cVittore Buzzi\u201d Children\u2019s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Fiori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00136 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosalba","family":"Ricci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00136 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucio","family":"Romano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00136 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"De Santis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00136 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3121-9569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Vento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00136 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Torti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, UOC di Malattie Infettive, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00136 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Dipartimento Sicurezza e Bioetica, Sezione Malattie Infettive, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00136 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrica","family":"Tamburrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, UOC di Malattie Infettive, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00136 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Dipartimento Sicurezza e Bioetica, Sezione Malattie Infettive, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00136 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6095-9510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piero","family":"Valentini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00136 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2024, December 15). 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