{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T22:56:43Z","timestamp":1784847403939,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753660800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: A precise radiographic evaluation of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is essential for effective treatment planning and follow-up. The pelvic axial rotation (PAR) and horizontal balance of the pelvis are critical factors to consider throughout the treatment and monitoring of AIS. While some previous studies have examined spinal curvature in relation to PAR direction and the direction of the major curve (DMC) in AIS patients, this study aims to explore the relationship between scoliosis morphology, pelvic axial rotation (PAR), and the direction of the major curve in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Methods: Radiographic images of 397 patients diagnosed with AIS between 2023 and 2024 at a Tertiary Referral Hospital were retrospectively evaluated. Morphological and morphometric measurements, including sex, Lenke and Risser classifications, lower leg discrepancy, Cobb angle, PAR direction, and major curvature direction, were performed. Results: The mean age of the 397 patients (246 female, 151 male) was 14.47 \u00b1 2.29. There is no significant correlation between PAR and DMC (p = 0.919). No significant differences were found in terms of sex (p = 0.603). Regardless of the PAR direction, major curvature was more common on the left side (57.7%). Furthermore, a positive correlation was noted between the Cobb angle and LLD. Conclusions: Our study contributes to a growing body of literature questioning the deterministic role of PAR in AIS. While previous reports have emphasized the directional correlation between the pelvis and spinal curvature, our findings suggest that pelvic rotation may not be a reliable indicator of curve direction in all patients. This highlights the complexity of AIS biomechanics and underscores the need for individualized radiographic and clinical evaluation rather than a reliance on generalized compensatory models.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children12080991","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T14:50:03Z","timestamp":1753714203000},"page":"991","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Morphological and Morphometric Assessment of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis According to Pelvic Axial Rotation\u2014A Retrospective Cohort Study with 397 Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Nevzat","family":"G\u00f6nder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep 27000, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cansu","family":"\u00d6zt\u00fcrk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University, Gaziantep 27000, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rabia","family":"Ta\u015fdemir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University, Gaziantep 27000, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeynep","family":"\u015eencan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep 27000, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ca\u011fr\u0131","family":"Karabulut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, T.C. Ministry of Health Pazarc\u0131k State Hospital, Kahramanmaras\u0327 46700, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d6mer Faruk","family":"Cihan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep 27000, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Musa Alperen","family":"Bilgin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, \u00c7orum Iskilip State Hospital, \u00c7orum 19400, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.10.036","article-title":"Characteristics of the pelvic axial rotation in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A comparison between major thoracic curve and major thoracolumbar\/lumbar curve","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Spine J."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E820","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181e6856d","article-title":"Characterizing pelvis dynamics in adolescent with idiopathic scoliosis","volume":"35","author":"Pasha","year":"2010","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"f2508","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f2508","article-title":"Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis","volume":"346","author":"Altaf","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"19","article-title":"Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Common Questions and Answers","volume":"101","author":"Kuznia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. 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