{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T14:40:39Z","timestamp":1787064039204,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757980800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities","award":["U54MD013376"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54MD013376"]}]},{"name":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities","award":["R24MD000217"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R24MD000217"]}]},{"name":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities","award":["R24MD002803"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R24MD002803"]}]},{"name":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities","award":["T32IR5355"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32IR5355"]}]},{"name":"The Regents of the University of California, Tobacco-Related Diseases Research Program","award":["U54MD013376"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54MD013376"]}]},{"name":"The Regents of the University of California, Tobacco-Related Diseases Research Program","award":["R24MD000217"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R24MD000217"]}]},{"name":"The Regents of the University of California, Tobacco-Related Diseases Research Program","award":["R24MD002803"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R24MD002803"]}]},{"name":"The Regents of the University of California, Tobacco-Related Diseases Research Program","award":["T32IR5355"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32IR5355"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Tobacco use remains a major public health concern among adolescents, particularly as electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use has increased in recent years. While academic performance has been linked to health-risk behaviors, less is known about its specific relationship to tobacco use among predominantly Black youth in urban settings. Understanding this association is essential for informing targeted prevention strategies. Objective: To examine the association between academic performance (self-reported grades from A to F) and use of tobacco products\u2014including conventional cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and other forms\u2014among predominantly Black high school students in Baltimore, a city marked by socioeconomic and health disparities. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using survey data from 604 public high school students in Baltimore. The main predictor was self-reported average school grades. Outcomes included ever use of (1) combustible tobacco products, (2) e-cigarettes, and (3) any tobacco product. Logistic regression models estimated associations between academic performance and each tobacco outcome, adjusting for age, sex, race, parental education and employment, and household structure. Results: Among participants (mean age = 16.1 years), 20.2% reported using e-cigarettes, 7.1% used cigarettes, and 25.2% had used any tobacco product. Academic performance was inversely associated with all forms of tobacco use. Students with A, B, or C grades had significantly lower odds of e-cigarette use compared to those with D or F grades. Students with A grades had lower odds of cigarette use and any tobacco use. Conclusions: Lower academic achievement was consistently associated with higher odds of tobacco use among predominantly Black adolescents. Academic performance may help identify youth at higher risk of tobacco use and guide school-based prevention and intervention strategies in similar urban settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children12091237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T10:06:25Z","timestamp":1758017185000},"page":"1237","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Electronic and Conventional Cigarette Use and Academic Achievement Among Predominantly Low-Income Black High School Students"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0256-880X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Payam","family":"Sheikhattari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Community Health and Policy, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rifath Ara Alam","family":"Barsha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"John D. Bower School of Population Health, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6592-7698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chidubem","family":"Egboluche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Community Health and Policy, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5054-6250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shervin","family":"Assari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thorsurg.2013.01.009","article-title":"Tobacco smoking: The leading cause of preventable disease worldwide","volume":"23","author":"Samet","year":"2013","journal-title":"Thorac. 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