{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T19:10:36Z","timestamp":1760037036801,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759881600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: Multidisciplinary management of chronic pain benefits many patients, although some continue to experience refractory pain. Administration of lidocaine infusions (LI) to manage certain chronic pain conditions has been reported in adults, but evidence is limited for its utility in managing pediatric chronic pain. We reviewed LIs for refractory pain in children to (1) describe the patient population that received LI and (2) evaluate the response to LI. Methods: With IRB approval, a retrospective review of patients receiving LI for refractory pain between 2016 and 2021 was conducted at Boston Children\u2019s Hospital. Demographic, medical, pain, sleep, and school function information was collected through self-report and from the electronic medical record. Longitudinal outcomes for a subset of these patients were analyzed using the Chronic Pain Repository database. Results: During the study period, 3959 patients presented for management of chronic pain. Among this population, 184 (5%) patients aged 22 years or younger ultimately received LI as part of their pain management. A total of 350 LIs were administered and were well tolerated. During approximately 42% of the infusions, patients experienced an immediate statistically significant decrease in pain scores. Among the patients with follow-up data, pain improvement was not sustained. Discussion: LI for the treatment of chronic pain appears safe and may be useful for managing refractory pain in pediatrics. Although approximately half of the patients who received LI reported an immediate positive response, the small follow-up sample did not show a continued response. Study limitations preclude demonstrating long-term efficacy of LI; therefore, a prospective study is critical.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children12101349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T08:22:08Z","timestamp":1759911728000},"page":"1349","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Short-Duration Systemic Lidocaine for the Management of Refractory Chronic Pain in Pediatrics"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Bobbie","family":"Riley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA"},{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Shusterman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"O\u2019Neil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Donado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA"},{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4328-4894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kimberly","family":"Lobo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA"},{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anjali","family":"Koka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA"},{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA"},{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monique","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pradeep","family":"Dinakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA"},{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2808-1853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean","family":"Solodiuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA"},{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neil","family":"Schechter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA"},{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Greco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA"},{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.005","article-title":"Children with Chronic Pain: Response Trajectories Following Intensive Pain Rehabilitation Treatment","volume":"19","author":"Simons","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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