{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T13:57:36Z","timestamp":1764597456771,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,30]],"date-time":"2025-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764460800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Australian Government Research Training Program (RTP) Tuition Fee Offset Scholarship"},{"name":"RTP living stipend scholarship through The University of Queensland, Australia"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Pediatric oropharyngeal dysphagia screening protocols remain limited in acute and critical care settings due to the lack of psychometrically valid and reliable tools. Objectives: The eDelphi methodology was employed to establish content validity for the Children\u2019s Oral Feeding Screener (COFS), a novel, nurse-led oropharyngeal dysphagia screening tool for hospitalized children in acute and critical care (0\u201316 years). Methods: The two-round eDelphi study was completed using Qualtrics\u00ae. A multidisciplinary, international steering-group guided tool conceptualization, elements for rating in the eDelphi, and oversaw consensus decisions. Experienced speech pathologists in pediatric acute and\/or critical care were invited as panelists and rated tool content regarding (a) clinical presentations requiring immediate referral for dysphagia assessment; (b) oral trial component\/s; and (c) signs observed during oral trials suggesting dysphagia. Items were rated on a 10-point Likert scale, and panelists could give open-ended feedback. Items not reaching pre-defined consensus (&gt;75%) were re-presented in round two. Results: Fifty panelists participated in round one and 41 in round two, primarily from Australia (n = 19; 46%) and the United Kingdom (n = 13; 34%). Half (n = 22; 54%) had &gt;10 years\u2019 experience. Based on consensus scores, panelists\u2019 qualitative feedback, and steering group decision, final items included eight clinical presentations, three oral trial elements (cup, bottle, breastfeeding) with three associated oral trial protocols, and fourteen signs suggestive of dysphagia. Other feedback led to changes to headings and the format of the COFS layout. Conclusions: Content validity for items in the three components of the COFS was established. Further work is now required to explore other psychometric properties (construct validity, sensitivity\/specificity, and feasibility) in clinical settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children12121626","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T13:03:02Z","timestamp":1764594182000},"page":"1626","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Content Validity Testing of a Nurse-Led Pediatric Dysphagia Screening Tool for Acute and Critical Care Settings Using eDelphi Methodology"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2110-1268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christie","family":"Grunke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia"},{"name":"Speech Pathology Department, Queensland Children\u2019s Hospital, Brisbane 4101, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2680-8978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth C.","family":"Ward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Functioning and Health Research (CFAHR), Metro South Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane 4102, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3260-5824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Miles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech Science, School of Psychology, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bronwyn","family":"Carrigg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Royal Children\u2019s Hospital, Melbourne 3052, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sainath","family":"Raman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Intensive Care Research Program, Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia"},{"name":"Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Queensland Children\u2019s Hospital, Brisbane 4101, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Loretta","family":"Scaini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Queensland Children\u2019s Hospital, Brisbane 4101, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5103-8223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louise","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leeds Teaching Hospitals National Health Service Trust, Leeds LS1 3EX, UK"},{"name":"School of Community Health and Midwifery, University of Lancashire, Preston PR1 7QS, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3770-4592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Memorie M.","family":"Gosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communicative Disorders, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0652-9258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeanne","family":"Marshall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia"},{"name":"Speech Pathology Department, Queensland Children\u2019s Hospital, Brisbane 4101, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Pediatric Feeding and Swallowing (2025, July 09). 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