{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T16:19:27Z","timestamp":1772468367364,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Microneedles are a pediatric-friendly drug delivery system that has attracted many novel research endeavors. The fact that it creates a tiny cavity in the epidermis, which can allow peptides, proteins, nucleotides, and other large-sized molecules to penetrate the skin barrier, is very advantageous for transdermal delivery. In this review article, we shed light on several pediatric applications of microneedles, such as the delivery of proteins, vaccines, and diagnostics. We believe the advantages of microneedles will continue to expand and be applied to other sites in the body.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children13030360","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T14:55:01Z","timestamp":1772463301000},"page":"360","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Microneedles: Selected Applications for Pediatrics"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Alexis A.","family":"Ayala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Ave, Memphis, TN 38103, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8059-1637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hassan","family":"Almoazen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Ave, Memphis, TN 38103, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.01.005","article-title":"Recent advances in microneedle based drug delivery: Special emphasis on its use in paediatric population","volume":"136","author":"Duarah","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. 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