{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T21:38:31Z","timestamp":1792445911268,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,15]],"date-time":"2026-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773532800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Closing\/closed gastroschisis (CGS) accounts for approximately 6% of gastroschisis cases globally. Currently, no consensus exists regarding: antenatal predictors of CGS types, optimal antenatal management (ultrasound screening frequency, indications for early delivery), or standardized surgical strategies tailored to CGS type (staging\/timing of procedures, enterostomy necessity\/level). Methods: Five neonates with CGS were enrolled and classified according to Perrone\u2019s classification: two patients with type B (40%), one with type C (20%), one with type D (20%), one patient was classified as unclear (20%). Gender distribution\u201480% female (n = 4), 20% male (n = 1); gestational age\u2014median 35 weeks (IQR 35\u201338); preterm birth rate\u201480% (n = 4); birth weight\u2014median 2620 g (IQR 2310\u20133850). Results: Three patients (60%) developed antenatal intestinal obstruction signs at the third trimester, including two who postnatally demonstrated viable intestinal loops. Two patients (40%) with necrosis of eviscerated intestine demonstrated onset of antenatal intestinal obstruction signs at the second trimester. Patients with CGS type B were managed using a staged surgical approach; patients with types C and D received single-stage repair. Patient with CGS type B achieved complete clinical recovery. Three patients (60%) with CGS types C and D developed short bowel syndrome. Conclusions: The appearance of sonographic signs of intestinal obstruction in the second trimester may be a predictor for a high risk of subsequent significant vascular compromise of the eviscerated bowel, leading to more severe types of CGS (C and D). For patients with CGS type B, a staged surgical approach is advisable to maximize bowel length preservation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children13030408","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T11:13:14Z","timestamp":1773659594000},"page":"408","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Closing\/Closed Gastroschisis (CGS): Antenatal Predictors and Surgical Strategies in Cases of Unique Anatomy from a Case Series"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9115-7008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dmitrii","family":"Morozov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Motherhood and Childhood, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 1, Ostrovityanova Street, 117997 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Newborn and Premature Babies Surgery, Filatov Children\u2019s City Clinical Hospital, 15, Sadovaya-Kudrinskaya Street, 123001 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3595-5578","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liza","family":"Vanyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Motherhood and Childhood, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 1, Ostrovityanova Street, 117997 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariia","family":"Morozova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Motherhood and Childhood, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 1, Ostrovityanova Street, 117997 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadezhda","family":"Erokhina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Newborn and Premature Babies Surgery, Filatov Children\u2019s City Clinical Hospital, 15, Sadovaya-Kudrinskaya Street, 123001 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6196-0422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ellina","family":"Velichko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Digital Biodesign and Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119019 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2453-1319","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olga","family":"Morozova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Motherhood and Childhood, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 1, Ostrovityanova Street, 117997 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Clinical Pathophysiology Laboratory, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 2, Taldomskaya Street, 125412 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Yagodkina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Antenatal Fetal Care, Yudin City Clinical Hospital, 4, Kolomensky Proezd, 101000 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vasily","family":"Shumikhin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Motherhood and Childhood, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 1, Ostrovityanova Street, 117997 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Newborn and Premature Babies Surgery, Filatov Children\u2019s City Clinical Hospital, 15, Sadovaya-Kudrinskaya Street, 123001 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Mokrushina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Motherhood and Childhood, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 1, Ostrovityanova Street, 117997 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Newborn and Premature Babies Surgery, Filatov Children\u2019s City Clinical Hospital, 15, Sadovaya-Kudrinskaya Street, 123001 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"e4004227","article-title":"New Clues to Understand Gastroschisis. 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