{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T05:42:45Z","timestamp":1777354965663,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":111,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: To determine the publication bias of the reported prevalence of malocclusions in Mexican children and adolescents. Background: Publication bias determination is crucial in a systematic review, helping to ensure the conclusions\u2019 validity and reliability. Nevertheless, without accurate knowledge of disease prevalence and patterns, the health system risks inefficiency, inequity, and failure to meet the population\u2019s needs. On the other hand, malocclusions can impair proper chewing efficiency, contributing to digestive alterations, and nutritional deficiencies among other functional, psychological, and social problems. The data of the prevalence of malocclusion is imperative to implement early interventions in health services that prevent more severe skeletal discrepancies and reduce the need for invasive treatments in adolescence or adulthood. Methods: Studies were collected from five databases, following the PRISMA and Cochrane guidelines for systematic reviews. Eligibility criteria were full-text research in which the prevalence of malocclusions was reported. The risk of bias (Hoy tool), publication bias (the Doi plot and the Luis Furuya-Kanamori (LFK) index), and quality assessments (GRADE tool) were performed. The data were combined using a random-effects meta-analysis. Results: The result of the meta-analysis suggests a high prevalence of malocclusions in mixed dentition was 50.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 38.9\u201361.5%). However, the studies showed a risk of bias and publication bias. Conclusions: In Mexico, there is a high prevalence of malocclusions among children and adolescents. However, these results are not robust enough to draw solid conclusions, due to the low certainty of the evidence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children13040580","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T09:01:24Z","timestamp":1776848484000},"page":"580","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Publication Bias in Epidemiological Studies of Malocclusions in Mexican Children and Teenagers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1044-6757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liliana","family":"Argueta-Figueroa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"SECIHTI\u2014Tecnol\u00f3gico Nacional de M\u00e9xico\/Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico de Toluca, Metepec 52149, Estado de Mexico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karina Alejandra","family":"Quiroz-Carl\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Medicina Complementaria, Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, Facultad de Odontolog\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma \u201cBenito Ju\u00e1rez\u201d de Oaxaca (UABJO), Universidad Avenue, \u201cEx-Hacienda de Cinco Se\u00f1ores\u201d, Oaxaca de Juarez 68120, Oaxaca, Mexico"},{"name":"Departamento de Ortodoncia, Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, Facultad de Odontolog\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma \u201cBenito Ju\u00e1rez\u201d de Oaxaca (UABJO), Universidad Avenue, \u201cEx-Hacienda de Cinco Se\u00f1ores\u201d, Oaxaca de Juarez 68120, Oaxaca, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mario Alberto","family":"Bautista-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Medicina Complementaria, Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, Facultad de Odontolog\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma \u201cBenito Ju\u00e1rez\u201d de Oaxaca (UABJO), Universidad Avenue, \u201cEx-Hacienda de Cinco Se\u00f1ores\u201d, Oaxaca de Juarez 68120, Oaxaca, Mexico"},{"name":"Programa de Doctorado en Biociencias (SNP 005846), Facultad de Medicina y Cirug\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma \u201cBenito Ju\u00e1rez\u201d de Oaxaca (UABJO), Ex Hacienda de Aguilera S\/N, Sur, San Felipe del Agua 68020, Oaxaca, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5934-003X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"Torres-Rosas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Medicina Complementaria, Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, Facultad de Odontolog\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma \u201cBenito Ju\u00e1rez\u201d de Oaxaca (UABJO), Universidad Avenue, \u201cEx-Hacienda de Cinco Se\u00f1ores\u201d, Oaxaca de Juarez 68120, Oaxaca, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Eugenia Marcela","family":"Castro-Guti\u00e9rrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Medicina Complementaria, Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, Facultad de Odontolog\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma \u201cBenito Ju\u00e1rez\u201d de Oaxaca (UABJO), Universidad Avenue, \u201cEx-Hacienda de Cinco Se\u00f1ores\u201d, Oaxaca de Juarez 68120, Oaxaca, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yobana","family":"P\u00e9rez-Cervera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Medicina Complementaria, Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, Facultad de Odontolog\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma \u201cBenito Ju\u00e1rez\u201d de Oaxaca (UABJO), Universidad Avenue, \u201cEx-Hacienda de Cinco Se\u00f1ores\u201d, Oaxaca de Juarez 68120, Oaxaca, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Moreno-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma \u201cBenito Ju\u00e1rez\u201d de Oaxaca (UABJO), Oaxaca de Juarez 68120, Oaxaca, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alfonso Enrique","family":"Acevedo-Mascar\u00faa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ortodoncia, Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, Facultad de Odontolog\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma \u201cBenito Ju\u00e1rez\u201d de Oaxaca (UABJO), Universidad Avenue, \u201cEx-Hacienda de Cinco Se\u00f1ores\u201d, Oaxaca de Juarez 68120, Oaxaca, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Enrique Antonio","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ortodoncia, Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, Facultad de Odontolog\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma \u201cBenito Ju\u00e1rez\u201d de Oaxaca (UABJO), Universidad Avenue, \u201cEx-Hacienda de Cinco Se\u00f1ores\u201d, Oaxaca de Juarez 68120, Oaxaca, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2015.12.015","article-title":"Malocclusion and its relationship to speech sound production: Redefining the effect of malocclusal traits on sound production","volume":"150","author":"Leavy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. 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