{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T18:13:29Z","timestamp":1779387209475,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779235200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Postoperative agitation (PA) and postoperative pain in pediatric patients following sevoflurane anesthesia are challenging clinical scenarios. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of intraoperative dexmedetomidine infusion compared to fentanyl infusion on the prevention of postoperative agitation and analgesic efficacy in children undergoing tonsillectomy and\/or adenoidectomy. Methods: After ethical committee approval, a total of 85 pediatric patients (age range: 2\u201313 years) in the ASA I-II group were included in the study. Patients were randomized into two groups: the dexmedetomidine group (Group D, n = 40) and the fentanyl group (Group F, n = 45). Postoperative pain was monitored in the recovery unit (PACU) using the FLACC (face, legs, activity, cry, consolability) scale, and agitation was monitored using the PAED (pediatric anesthesia emergence delirium) scale. FLACC and PAED were monitored at 5, 10, 15, 30 min, and 2 and 4 h postoperatively. Results: Demographic data and surgical durations were similar between groups (p &gt; 0.05). The dexmedetomidine group had lower FLACC pain scores at 10 and 15 min (uncorrected trends), but only the difference at 30 min remained statistically significant after Bonferroni correction (p = 0.0001; Cohen\u2019s d = 0.85). Although PAED scores were numerically lower in Group D, no statistically significant difference was found. While an observational trend toward lower agitation was noted, it did not reach statistical significance. Extubation times and hemodynamic parameters were similar in both groups. Conclusions: The intraoperative use of dexmedetomidine in tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy procedures provides superior analgesia compared to fentanyl, particularly in the first 30 min postoperatively, without prolonging recovery time.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children13050700","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T16:46:18Z","timestamp":1779381978000},"page":"700","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of the Effects of Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine and Fentanyl Infusion on Postoperative Agitation and Analgesia in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy: A Prospective Randomized Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9531-4317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasar Gokhan","family":"Gul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34214, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00fcmeyye","family":"Yildiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34214, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hande","family":"G\u00fcng\u00f6r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34214, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7241-200X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Burak","family":"Omur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34214, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pelin","family":"Karaaslan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34214, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3245-6614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bahadir","family":"Ciftci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34214, Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34726, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1111\/aas.12006","article-title":"Emergence agitation in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy: A comparison of sevoflurane vs. sevoflurane-remifentanil administration","volume":"57","author":"Na","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol. 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