{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T09:58:48Z","timestamp":1781690328127,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abnormalities of the urachus detected in infancy and early childhood are often interpreted as persistent congenital abnormalities requiring surgical correction. However, growing clinical experience suggests that a proportion of these findings may reflect ontogenetic immaturity of the urachus rather than fixed pathological conditions. As a transient embryological structure, the urachus undergoes postnatal remodeling and involution, which may explain the spontaneous regression of urachal anomalies observed during follow-up. This paper proposes ontogenetic immaturity of the urachus as a biological substrate for the natural resolution of selected urachal changes, including cystic dilatation and incomplete obliteration. We discuss the developmental background of urachal maturation and emphasize the importance of distinguishing delayed involution from true structural pathology. The clinical implications of this concept are highlighted, with particular focus on the role of careful observation and longitudinal monitoring as an alternative to early surgical intervention in asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic patients. Recognizing ontogenetic immaturity as a reversible developmental state may help reduce overtreatment and support more individualized, developmentally informed management strategies. Integrating principles of developmental biology into clinical decision-making reinforces the value of conservative approaches in selected urachal conditions and under-scores the broader relevance of ontogeny in kidney and urinary tract disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children13060788","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T07:43:02Z","timestamp":1780904582000},"page":"788","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ontogenetic Immaturity of Urachal Structures and Its Clinical Implications for Conservative Management in Children"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5030-9546","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agata Maria","family":"Kawalec-Rutkowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Opole, Oleska 48, 45-052 Opole, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8948-3242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Kawalec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Kili\u015b-Pstrusi\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e240122","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.240122","article-title":"Imaging of the urachus","volume":"45","author":"Zulfiqar","year":"2025","journal-title":"RadioGraphics"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1016\/j.purol.2008.04.026","article-title":"Pathologies b\u00e9nignes de l\u2019ouraque chez l\u2019adulte: Origine embryologique, pr\u00e9sentation clinique et traitements [Benign urachus abnormalities: Embryology, diagnosis and treatments]","volume":"18","author":"Renard","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prog. 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