{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T13:38:11Z","timestamp":1785418691468,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":176,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004329","name":"Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["P3\u20140083"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P3\u20140083"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["P3\u20140083"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P3\u20140083"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/059bp8k51","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"University Medical Centre Ljubljana","award":["20240222"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20240222"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a leading chronic lung complication in extremely premature newborns. The etiological factors contributing to of BPD include both prenatal and postnatal risk factors, as well as activation of innate immunity. Innate immunity and its bioactive mediators play a central role in orchestrating the inflammatory response. Among these, interleukin-1\u03b2 (IL-1 \u03b2) and IL-8 (CXCL8) are particularly prominent. Methods: A structured literature search was conducted across major biomedical databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Ovid MEDLINE) to identify relevant studies published between 1993 and November 2025. Article selection was guided by predefined inclusion criteria focusing on studies that examined IL-1\u03b2 and IL-8 (CXCL8) in relation to bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Evidence from both human and animal studies was narratively synthesized. Results: This review provides a detailed description of the role of the innate immune system in BPD, including mechanisms of inflammatory initiation, evidence from human and animal studies on IL-1\u03b2 and IL-8 (CXCL8), and the interaction between these two cytokines in the development of chronic lung disease. Conclusions: Both human and animal studies generally suggest that elevated levels of IL-1\u03b2 and IL-8 (CXCL8) are closely associated with the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children13070888","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T12:41:38Z","timestamp":1782909698000},"page":"888","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia and Innate Immunity: A Narrative Review of the Roles of IL-1\u03b2 and IL-8 (CXCL8)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5447-0968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dubravka","family":"Ba\u010daj Ivani\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Hospital Sveti Duh, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5352-8173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0160tefan","family":"Grosek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perinatology, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"},{"name":"Department of Medical Ethics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2897-9017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreja Nata\u0161a","family":"Kopitar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196702162760701","article-title":"Pulmonary disease following respirator therapy of hyaline-membrane disease: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia","volume":"276","author":"Northway","year":"1967","journal-title":"N. 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