{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T10:21:03Z","timestamp":1787566863835,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787529600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017418","name":"Universidad Esp\u00edritu Santo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025-MED-009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025-MED-009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017418","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["2025-MED-009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025-MED-009"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00b210x50","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: To analyze associations between 24-hour movement behaviors (and guideline adherence) and anthropometric and body composition indicators in Ecuadorian preschoolers using data from the International Study of Movement Behaviors in the Early Years (SUNRISE) pilot study. Methods: This secondary analysis utilized data from the primary study conducted in 108 children aged 3\u20134 years (57.4% girls; 50.9% urban). Anthropometry (weight, height, and body mass index [BMI]) was assessed using standardized protocols during the pilot study, whereas body composition indicators (fat-free mass [FFM], fat mass [FM], and body fat percentage) were estimated using a validated anthropometric prediction equation. Movement behaviors were assessed via triaxial accelerometry (ActiGraph GT3X+ or GT3X-BT, Pensacola, FL, USA) over seven days, complemented by parent-reported questionnaires. Exploratory unadjusted correlation analyses were performed using Spearman\u2019s rho (\u03c1) for continuous\/ordinal variables, and Pearson\u2019s correlations (r), mathematically equivalent to point-biserial correlations (rpb), for dichotomous\u2013continuous associations. Results: In exploratory unadjusted analyses, device-measured longer sleep duration showed small-to-moderate inverse associations with weight (\u03c1 = \u22120.33, p = 0.001), BMI (\u03c1 = \u22120.28, p = 0.006), and FFM (\u03c1 = \u22120.37, p &lt; 0.001). Higher moderate-to-vigorous physical activity showed moderate positive associations with height (\u03c1 = 0.32, p = 0.002), weight (\u03c1 = 0.40, p &lt; 0.001), and FFM (\u03c1 = 0.44, p &lt; 0.001). In complementary multivariable models, the associations between device-measured sleep or moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and the pre-specified anthropometric and body composition outcomes were attenuated after adjustment for age, sex, area of residence, and, where applicable, height, and were generally not statistically significant. Conclusions: In this exploratory secondary analysis of the SUNRISE Pilot Study Ecuador, unadjusted analyses identified associations between specific 24-hour movement behaviors, particularly sleep duration and MVPA, and anthropometric and body composition indicators. However, these associations were attenuated after covariate adjustment. The findings should therefore be interpreted as hypothesis-generating and require confirmation in larger longitudinal studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children13091129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T08:03:41Z","timestamp":1787558621000},"page":"1129","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Associations Between 24-Hour Movement Behaviors and Anthropometric and Body Composition Indicators in Ecuadorian Preschool Children: SUNRISE Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Emily","family":"Cisneros-V\u00e1squez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Universidad Esp\u00edritu Santo, Samborond\u00f3n 0901952, Ecuador"},{"name":"Department of Health Research, Icen Cognis, 38370 La Matanza de Acentejo, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8553-7701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Estela","family":"Jim\u00e9nez-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Cuenca, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Nursing, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Cuenca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9311-6576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Y\u00e1\u00f1ez-Sep\u00falveda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Vi\u00f1a del Mar 8370035, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4650-3426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00e9ctor","family":"Guti\u00e9rrez-Espinoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Education, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Chile, Santiago 7500912, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Olivares-Arancibia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AFySE Group, Research in Physical Activity and School Health, School of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Universidad de las Am\u00e9ricas, Santiago 7500975, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1660-535X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro Antonio","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Miguel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Did\u00e1ctica de la Expresi\u00f3n Musical, Pl\u00e1stica y Corporal, Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n An\u00e1lisis Did\u00e1ctico y Comportamental del Deporte (ADICODE), Facultad de Formaci\u00f3n del Profesorado, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 C\u00e1ceres, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masoud","family":"Rahmati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, Aix-Marseille University, 13284 Marseille, France"},{"name":"Clinical Research Unit, D\u00e9l\u00e9gation \u00e0 la Recherche Clinique et a l\u2019Innovation du GHT, Center Hospitalier Intercommunal de Toulon La Seyne-sur-Mer, 83100 Toulon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1628-9948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dong Keon","family":"Yon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5340-9833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lee","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Health Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK"},{"name":"Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Biruni University, Istanbul 34015, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7412-7624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Francisco","family":"L\u00f3pez-Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Universidad Esp\u00edritu Santo, Samborond\u00f3n 0901952, 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