{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T12:12:41Z","timestamp":1788351161958,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: Mental health problems and post-traumatic stress symptoms are prevalent among adolescent refugees, yet little is known about the role of resilience in relation to these difficulties among Syrian adolescents. This study examined the unique contribution of resilience to mental health problems and post-traumatic stress symptoms after controlling for age and gender. Methods: Participants were 501 Syrian refugee adolescents residing in Ankara, T\u00fcrkiye (63.67% male; aged 12\u201318 years, M = 15.72, SD = 1.61), recruited through multistage cluster sampling in 15 schools. They completed the Brief Resilience Scale, the Children\u2019s Revised Impact of Event Scale (CRIES), the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale, and a socio-demographic questionnaire. Five hierarchical multiple regressions were conducted, entering age and gender at Step 1 and resilience at Step 2. Results: After controlling for age and gender, resilience was significantly and negatively associated with depression (\u03b2 = \u22120.11, p &lt; 0.05), anxiety (\u03b2 = \u22120.19, p &lt; 0.01), stress (\u03b2 = \u22120.15, p &lt; 0.01), intrusion (\u03b2 = \u22120.14, p &lt; 0.01), and avoidance (\u03b2 = \u22120.15, p &lt; 0.01), explaining a modest but consistent proportion of unique variance (1\u20133%). Conclusions: These findings suggest that resilience is a modest but consistent correlate of mental health and post-traumatic stress symptoms among Syrian refugee adolescents in T\u00fcrkiye. Longitudinal studies incorporating trauma exposure and multi-level resilience resources are needed before causal or intervention-related conclusions can be drawn.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children13091183","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T10:57:23Z","timestamp":1788346643000},"page":"1183","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Role of Resilience in Relation to Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms Among Syrian Refugee Adolescents in T\u00fcrkiye"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7741-201X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmet","family":"\u00d6zaslan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gazi University, Ankara 06560, T\u00fcrkiye"},{"name":"Child Protection Research and Application Center, Gazi University, Ankara 06560, T\u00fcrkiye"},{"name":"Psychology Research Centre, Khazar University, Baku AZ1096, Azerbaijan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1089-1380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Murat","family":"Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychology Research Centre, Khazar University, Baku AZ1096, Azerbaijan"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, A\u011fr\u0131 04100, T\u00fcrkiye"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Hali\u00e7 University, \u0130stanbul 34060, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatma Nur","family":"\u00d6zt\u00fcrk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gazi University, Ankara 06560, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u0130rem Aktar","family":"Song\u00fcr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gazi University, Ankara 06560, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammed Hakan","family":"Aksu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatry Department, Gazi University, Ankara 06560, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esra","family":"G\u00fcney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Gazi University, Ankara 06560, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4972-8591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmet","family":"Tanhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Counseling, Ad\u0131yaman University, Ad\u0131yaman 02040, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feten","family":"Fekih-Romdhane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis 1007, Tunisia"},{"name":"The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry \u201cIbn Omrane\u201d, Razi Hospital, Manouba 2010, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1080-9535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Laranjeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, Polytechnic University of Leiria, Campus 2, Morro do Lena, Alto do Vieiro, Apartado 4137, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Innovative Care and Health Technology (CiTechCare), Polytechnic University of Leiria, Campus 5, Rua Das Olhalvas, 2414-016 Leiria, Portugal"},{"name":"Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of \u00c9vora, 7000-801 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9053-7730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan","family":"G\u00f3mez-Salgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain"},{"name":"Safety and Health Postgraduate Program, Universidad Esp\u00edritu Santo, Guayaquil 092301, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"UNHCR (2025). 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