{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T11:35:43Z","timestamp":1774611343483,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]],"date-time":"2020-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604361600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004504","name":"Lietuvos Mokslo Taryba","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["4S-598"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4S-598"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004504","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fractional tissue oxygen extraction (FTOE) by means of cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) provides information about oxygen uptake in the brain. Experimental animal data suggest that sedative agents decrease cerebral oxygen demand. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between the cerebral FTOE and the use of pre and intraoperative sedative agents in infants aged 1\u201390 days. Cerebral NIRS was continuously applied during open major non-cardiac surgery in 46 infants. The main outcomes were the mean intraoperative FTOE and the percentage (%) of time of intraoperative hyperoxiaFTOE relative to the total duration of anesthesia. HyperoxiaFTOE was defined as FTOE \u2264 0.1. Cumulative doses of sedative agents (benzodiazepines and morphine), given up to 24 h preoperatively, correlated with the mean intraoperative FTOE (Spearman\u2019s rho = \u22120.298, p = 0.0440) and were predictive for the % of time of intraoperative hyperoxiaFTOE (\u03b2 (95% CI) 47.12 (7.32; 86.92)) when adjusted for the patients\u2019 age, type of surgery, preoperative hemoglobin, intraoperative sevoflurane and fentanyl dose, mean intraoperative arterial blood pressure, and end-tidal CO2 by multivariate 0.75 quantile regression. There was no association with 0.5 quantile regression. We observed the suggestive positive association of decreased fractional cerebral tissue oxygen extraction and the use of sedative agents in neonates and infants undergoing surgery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children7110209","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]],"date-time":"2020-11-03T09:09:32Z","timestamp":1604394572000},"page":"209","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Potential Relationship between Cerebral Fractional Tissue Oxygen Extraction (FTOE) and the Use of Sedative Agents during the Perioperative Period in Neonates and Infants"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3999-2217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danguol\u0117 \u010c","family":"Rugyt\u0117","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Loreta","family":"Strumylait\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania"},{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 47181 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20151728","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-1728","article-title":"Neurodevelopmental Outcomes after Neonatal Surgery for Major Noncardiac Anomalies","volume":"137","author":"Stolwijk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1532-2149.2013.00431.x","article-title":"Internalizing behaviours in school-age children born very preterm are predicted by neonatal pain and morphine exposure","volume":"18","author":"Ranger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. 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