{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T16:54:31Z","timestamp":1775580871137,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,6]],"date-time":"2021-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612569600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We describe a patient who developed multiple granulomatous skin lesions after Bacille de Calmette et Gu\u00e9rin (BCG) vaccination without significant effect by topical corticosteroid, followed by painless cystic tumors on the bilateral knees and hands and inflammatory changes on ophthalmologic examination. A functional mutation in NOD2 was detected by a genetic analysis, and he was diagnosed as sporadic Blau syndrome. Since NOD2 acts as a sensor for the BCG component, it is possible that BCG vaccination may trigger granuloma formation in Blau syndrome patients with such genetic background.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children8020117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,8]],"date-time":"2021-02-08T20:51:51Z","timestamp":1612817511000},"page":"117","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["NOD2 Mutation-Associated Case with Blau Syndrome Triggered by BCG Vaccination"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Akiko","family":"Arakawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-80337 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naotomo","family":"Kambe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9407-6158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryuta","family":"Nishikomori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Kurume University, Kurume 830-0011, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akiyo","family":"Tanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masamichi","family":"Ueda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8397, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chikako","family":"Nishigori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshiki","family":"Miyachi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3000-9711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nobuo","family":"Kanazawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Mukogawa-cho 1-1, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.1990.tb00285.x","article-title":"Preschool sarcoidosis masquerading as Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis; two case report and a review of the literature","volume":"7","author":"Sahn","year":"1990","journal-title":"Pediatric Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-07-2972","article-title":"Early-onset sarcoidosis and CARD15 mutations with constitutive nuclear factor-{kappa}B activation: Common genetic etiology with Blau syndrome","volume":"105","author":"Kanazawa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"607","article-title":"Tuberculous meningitis in Japanese children between 1980\u20131991","volume":"67","author":"Ikeda","year":"1992","journal-title":"Kekkaku"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(74)90458-6","article-title":"Minimal structural requirements for adjuvant activity of bacterial peptidoglycan derivatives","volume":"59","author":"Ellouz","year":"1974","journal-title":"Biochem. 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