{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T18:17:55Z","timestamp":1793125075287,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,17]],"date-time":"2021-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613520000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: This study investigated the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and breastfeeding duration, and maternal psychological well-being in the perinatal period. Methods: A longitudinal study involving a retrospective follow-up of a group of 1080 women from pregnancy to the 1st year postpartum, who gave birth during the 5-year period between January 2014 and January 2019 in Athens, Greece, was designed. Women\u2019s history and two psychometric tools\u2014the Edinburg Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) administered at 5-time points\u2014were used for data collection. Logistic regression analysis and a series of multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA) tests were performed. Results: The chance for exclusive breastfeeding (giving only breast milk) appeared to decrease (a) with an increase of the scores for psychometric tools antenatally (PHQ-9, p = 0.030) or at the 6th week postpartum (EPDS, p &lt; 0.001 and PHQ-9, p &lt; 0.001), (b) with an increase in the number of psychotherapeutic sessions needed antenatally (p = 0.030), and (c) when the initiation of psychotherapy was necessary postpartum (p = 0.002). Additionally, a shorter duration of any breastfeeding (with or without formula or other types of food\/drink) seems to be associated with (a) the occurrence of pathological mental health symptoms (p = 0.029), (b) increased PHQ-9 scores antenatally (p = 0.018), (c) increased EPDS scores at the 6th week (p = 0.004) and the 12th month postpartum (p = 0.031), (d) the initiation of psychotherapy postpartum (p = 0.040), and e) the need for more than 13 psychotherapeutic sessions (p = 0.020). Conclusions: This study demonstrates a negative relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and breastfeeding duration, and poor maternal mental health in the perinatal period.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children8020150","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,17]],"date-time":"2021-02-17T04:49:01Z","timestamp":1613537341000},"page":"150","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Women\u2019s Mental Health as a Factor Associated with Exclusive Breastfeeding and Breastfeeding Duration: Data from a Longitudinal Study in Greece"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4871-999X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Dagla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Day Center for the Care of the Mental Health of Women (Perinatal Mental Health Disorders), Non-Profit Organization \u201cFAINARETI\u201d, 17121 Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Department of Midwifery, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irina","family":"Mrvoljak-Theodoropoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Day Center for the Care of the Mental Health of Women (Perinatal Mental Health Disorders), Non-Profit Organization \u201cFAINARETI\u201d, 17121 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Despoina","family":"Karagianni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Day Center for the Care of the Mental Health of Women (Perinatal Mental Health Disorders), Non-Profit Organization \u201cFAINARETI\u201d, 17121 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Calliope","family":"Dagla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Day Center for the Care of the Mental Health of Women (Perinatal Mental Health Disorders), Non-Profit Organization \u201cFAINARETI\u201d, 17121 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitra","family":"Sotiropoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Day Center for the Care of the Mental Health of Women (Perinatal Mental Health Disorders), Non-Profit Organization \u201cFAINARETI\u201d, 17121 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleni","family":"Kontiza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Day Center for the Care of the Mental Health of Women (Perinatal Mental Health Disorders), Non-Profit Organization \u201cFAINARETI\u201d, 17121 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aikaterini-Taxiarchoula","family":"Kavakou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Day Center for the Care of the Mental Health of Women (Perinatal Mental Health Disorders), Non-Profit Organization \u201cFAINARETI\u201d, 17121 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4494-3089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evangelia","family":"Antoniou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Day Center for the Care of the Mental Health of Women (Perinatal Mental Health Disorders), Non-Profit Organization \u201cFAINARETI\u201d, 17121 Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Department of Midwifery, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1177\/1010539515624964","article-title":"The Long-Term Public Health Benefits of Breastfeeding","volume":"28","author":"Binns","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asia Pac. 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