{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T02:44:47Z","timestamp":1784169887086,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,18]],"date-time":"2021-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Premature newborns with posterior urethral valves (PUV) may present with medical conditions taking priority over definitive surgical care. We encountered three of such cases who underwent initial bladder decompression via transurethral catheterization and waited 2\u20133 weeks until they were fit enough for voiding cysto-urethrography to confirm PUV. An unexpected good urinary flow and negligible residual urine volume were documented during micturition, suggestive of valve disruption induced by insertion and prolonged duration of indwelling urethral catheter drainage. Cystoscopy documented non-obstructing remnant leaflets. Non-operative treatment may be considered as a viable alternative therapeutic option for PUV in tiny babies facing prolonged intensive care unit stay.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children8050408","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,18]],"date-time":"2021-05-18T12:17:16Z","timestamp":1621340236000},"page":"408","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Prolonged Indwelling Urethral Catheterization as Minimally Invasive Approach for Definitive Treatment of Posterior Urethral Valves in Unstable Premature Babies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1649-1038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Ceccanti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Surgery Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Pepino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Radiology Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Giancotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prenatal Diagnosis Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ester","family":"Ricci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Surgery Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Piacenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Surgery Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7290-3837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denis A.","family":"Cozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Surgery Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2011.07.109","article-title":"Long-term risk of end stage renal disease in patients with posterior urethral valves","volume":"186","author":"Holmberg","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.1993.tb00734.x","article-title":"Antenatal diagnosis of posterior urethral valves","volume":"72","author":"Dinneen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Br. J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1496","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60992-7","article-title":"Percutaneous vesicoamniotic shunting in Lower Urinary Tract Obstruction (PLUTO) Collaborative Group. Percutaneous vesicoamniotic shunting versus conservative management for fetal lower urinary tract obstruction (PLUTO): A randomised trial","volume":"382","author":"Morris","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3310\/hta17590","article-title":"The Percutaneous shunting in Lower Urinary Tract Obstruction (PLUTO) study and randomised controlled trial: Evaluation of the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and acceptability of percutaneous vesicoamniotic shunting for lower urinary tract obstruction","volume":"17","author":"Morris","year":"2013","journal-title":"Health Technol. Assess."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2009.01.058","article-title":"Primary ablation of posterior urethral valves in low birth weight neonates by a visually guided fogarty embolectomy catheter","volume":"181","author":"Soliman","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2007.08.160","article-title":"Long-term outcome of prenatally detected posterior urethral valves: Single center study of 65 cases managed by primary valve ablation","volume":"179","author":"Sarhan","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1841","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)64426-6","article-title":"Long-term results of primary avulsion of posterior urethral valves using a Fogarty balloon catheter","volume":"168 Pt 2","author":"Chertin","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)67482-4","article-title":"Posterior urethral valves and the 11th Commandment","volume":"164","author":"Joseph","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2010.08.014","article-title":"Posterior urethral valves: Relationship between vesicoureteral reflux and renal function","volume":"77","author":"Cozzi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3468(73)90018-3","article-title":"Conservatively treated urethral valves","volume":"8","author":"Brandesky","year":"1973","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Surg."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2008.08.004","article-title":"Prenatal resolution of megacystis possibly caused by spontaneous rupture of posterior urethral valves","volume":"43","author":"Matsui","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Surg."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.166.3.8623666","article-title":"Voiding cystourethrography in boys: The presence of the catheter does not obscure the diagnosis of posterior urethral valves but prevents estimation of the adequacy of transurethral fulguration","volume":"166","author":"Lebowitz","year":"1996","journal-title":"AJR Am. J. Roentgenol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2010.04.011","article-title":"The predictive value of a repeat micturating cystourethrogram for remnant leaflets after primary endoscopic ablation of posterior urethral valves","volume":"7","author":"Yadav","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Pediatr Urol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-020-03175-2","article-title":"Is there a need for endoscopic evaluation in symptomatic boys with an unsuspicious urethra on VCUG? A consideration of secondary radiologic signs of posterior urethral valves","volume":"39","author":"Haid","year":"2021","journal-title":"World J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"1022","article-title":"Pediatric Urology Club Meeting, Stans, Austria, January 2007. Posterior urethral valves: Search for a diagnostic reference standard","volume":"72","author":"Radmayr","year":"2008","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.6413","article-title":"Keyhole sign: How specific is it for the diagnosis of posterior urethral valves?","volume":"34","author":"Bernardes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.149.3.563","article-title":"Sonographic measurements of the normal bladder wall in children","volume":"149","author":"Jequier","year":"1987","journal-title":"AJR Am. J. Roentgenol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)67479-4","article-title":"Standardized ultrasound method for assessing detrusor muscle thickness in children","volume":"164","author":"Svensson","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1933","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2009.02.086","article-title":"Variability, related factors and normal reference value of post-void residual urine in healthy kindergarteners","volume":"182","author":"Chang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1177\/1742271X14549795","article-title":"A practical guide to urinary tract ultrasound in a child: Pearls and pitfalls","volume":"22","author":"Paliwalla","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ultrasound"}],"container-title":["Children"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2227-9067\/8\/5\/408\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T06:03:16Z","timestamp":1760162596000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2227-9067\/8\/5\/408"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,18]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]}},"alternative-id":["children8050408"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/children8050408","relation":{},"ISSN":["2227-9067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2227-9067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,18]]}}}