{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T02:01:43Z","timestamp":1781229703810,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,24]],"date-time":"2021-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632441600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004332","name":"Seoul National University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["04-2016-0490"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["04-2016-0490"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004332","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) is released from mature enterocytes when cell membrane integrity is disrupted. This study aimed to prospectively investigate the physiologic significance of early urinary I-FABP and whether it might reflect intestinal compromise in preterm infants. We conducted a prospective cohort study of 100 preterm infants weighing &lt;1250 g and collected serial urine samples at 12, 24, and 48 h after birth. The correlations between initial urinary I-FABP\/urinary creatinine (creatinineu) levels and associated factors were analyzed. Among 100 patients, 15 were diagnosed with meconium obstruction of prematurity, and five were diagnosed with necrotizing enterocolitis during the hospital stay. Early urinary I-FABP\/creatinineu levels were inversely correlated with both gestational age (Spearman\u2019s rank correlation coefficient (Rs) \u22120.381, p &lt; 0.01) and birth weight ((Rs) \u22120.424, p &lt; 0.01). Early urinary I-FABP\/creatinineu levels were associated with cord pH ((Rs) \u22120.436, p &lt; 0.01) and base excess ((Rs) \u22120.258, p = 0.021). There were significantly positive correlations between early urinary I-FABP\/creatinineu levels and the time to full enteral feeding in preterm infants without specific intestinal morbidities. Therefore, a more premature gut with acute perinatal ischemia is expected to exhibit increased I-FABP levels shortly after birth. Because of small sample size, further large-scale studies are needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children8100842","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,24]],"date-time":"2021-09-24T20:15:32Z","timestamp":1632514532000},"page":"842","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Physiologic Significance of Early Urinary Intestinal Fatty Acid Binding Protein Levels in Preterm Infants: A Prospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Young-Hwa","family":"Jung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam-si 13620, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7063-168X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ee-Kyung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children\u2019s Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1469-589X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seung-Han","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children\u2019s Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-A","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 07061, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han-Suk","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children\u2019s Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beyong-Il","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam-si 13620, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1996.v110.pm8566578","article-title":"Intestinal fatty acid-binding protein is a useful diagnostic marker for mesenteric infarction in humans","volume":"110","author":"Kanda","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2010.09.069","article-title":"Necrotizing enterocolitis is associated with neonatal intestinal injury","volume":"46","author":"Mannoia","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Surg."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1159\/000358582","article-title":"Intestinal fatty acid-binding protein in neonates with imminent necrotizing enterocolitis","volume":"106","author":"Schurink","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neonatology"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3181d778c4","article-title":"Non-invasive markers for early diagnosis and determination of the severity of necrotizing enterocolitis","volume":"251","author":"Thuijls","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Surg."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2007.128934","article-title":"Urine based detection of intestinal mucosal cell damage in neonates with suspected necrotizing enterocolitis","volume":"56","author":"Derikx","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1486","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2014.01.057","article-title":"Urinary intestinal fatty acid binding protein predicts necrotizing enterocolitis","volume":"164","author":"Gregory","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1159\/000244428","article-title":"Necrotizing enterocolitis in full term or near term infants: Risk factors","volume":"71","author":"Claure","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biol. Neonate"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2003.384","article-title":"Pregnancy outcomes associated with intrauterine growth restriction","volume":"188","author":"Gilbert","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"182","article-title":"Abnormal doppler flow velocimetry in the growth restricted foetus as a predictor for necrotising enterocolitis","volume":"48","author":"Bhatt","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Postgrad. Med."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.66.7_Spec_No.805","article-title":"Absent or reversed end diastolic flow velocity in the umbilical artery and nerotising enterocolitis","volume":"66","author":"Malcolm","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch. Dis. Child"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S21","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2010.96","article-title":"Chorioamnionitis: A multiorgan disease of the fetus?","volume":"30","author":"Gantert","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Perinatol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-018-0030-z","article-title":"LPS-induced maternal inflammation promotes fetal leukocyte recruitment and prenatal organ infiltration in mice","volume":"84","author":"Hudalla","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2009.09.024","article-title":"Urinary intestinal fatty acid binding protein concentration predicts extent of disease in necrotizing enterocolitis","volume":"45","author":"Evennett","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Surg."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1159\/000330850","article-title":"Recognition, diagnosis and treatment of meconium obstruction in extremely low birth weight infants","volume":"101","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neonatology"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2011.607663","article-title":"Feeding intolerance in preterm infants. How to understand the warning signs","volume":"24","author":"Lucchini","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2004.00273.x","article-title":"Fetal responses to placental insufficiency: An update","volume":"111","author":"Baschat","year":"2004","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cccn.2004.09.001","article-title":"Fatty acid-binding proteins as plasma markers of tissue injury","volume":"352","author":"Pelsers","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34371","DOI":"10.1038\/srep34371","article-title":"Accuracy of the serum intestinal fatty-acid-binding protein for diagnosis of acute intestinal ischemia: A meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Sun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.regpep.2007.12.002","article-title":"Intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) as a possible biomarker of ileitis in patients with ulcerative colitis","volume":"147","author":"Jaroszewicz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Regul. Pept."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000000616","article-title":"Plasma intestinal fatty acid-binding protein fails to predict endoscopic disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease patients","volume":"28","author":"Bodelier","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)83343-8","article-title":"Neonatal small intestinal motility: Motor responses to feeding in term and preterm infants","volume":"117","author":"Berseth","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F24","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.71.1.F24","article-title":"Gastric emptying in preterm infants","volume":"71","author":"Ewer","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2014.89","article-title":"Intestinal fatty acid-binding protein: A possible marker for gut maturation","volume":"76","author":"Reisinger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000001308","article-title":"Splanchnic oxygenation at first enteral feeding in preterm infants: Correlation with feeding intolerance","volume":"64","author":"Corvaglia","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kokesova, A., Coufal, S., Frybova, B., Kverka, M., and Rygl, M. (2019). The intestinal fatty acid binding protein as a marker for intestinal damage in gastroschisis. PLoS ONE, 14.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0210797"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-1755","article-title":"Meconium obstruction in the very low birth weight premature infant","volume":"114","author":"Keeney","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F147","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2010.190157","article-title":"Meconium obstruction of prematurity","volume":"97","author":"Siddiqui","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed."},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"324","article-title":"Postnatal intestinal disturbances in small-for-gestational age premature infants after prenatal haemodynamic disturbances","volume":"89","author":"Vogtmann","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"13","article-title":"Abnormal gut blood flow velocities in neonates at risk of necrotizing enterocolitis","volume":"15","author":"Coombs","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cursur.2006.05.006","article-title":"Intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) for the detection of strangulated mechanical small bowel obstruction","volume":"63","author":"Cronk","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr. Surg."}],"container-title":["Children"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2227-9067\/8\/10\/842\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T07:04:39Z","timestamp":1760166279000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2227-9067\/8\/10\/842"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,24]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["children8100842"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/children8100842","relation":{},"ISSN":["2227-9067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2227-9067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,24]]}}}