{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T13:05:10Z","timestamp":1783947910185,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,24]],"date-time":"2021-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632441600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Herpes zoster (HZ) is caused by latent varicella-zoster virus (VZV) reactivation when VZV-specific cell-mediated immunity declines. Information on HZ in children is limited. Therefore, we retrospectively investigated HZ\u2019s clinical course and complications in children. We extracted the outpatient and hospitalization medical records of pediatric patients (&lt;19 years) primarily diagnosed with HZ (ICD-10 B02 code) between January 2010 and November 2020. HZ was defined as a typical unilateral dermatomal vesicular rash where HZ was the treating physician\u2019s primary diagnosis. Recognized HZ complications included combined bacterial skin infection, ophthalmic zoster, zoster oticus without facial paralysis, meningitis, and PHN. We identified 602 HZ cases, among which 54 developed HZ complications and were included in our analysis. The median age was 14.7 years, most patients were aged \u226513 years (42, 79%), and none were aged &lt;4 years. Fifty-three were immunocompetent, and only one had systemic lupus erythematosus. The most frequent complication was zoster ophthalmicus (n = 26, 48%). HZ complications were also observed in immunocompetent or vaccinated children exhibiting a head or neck rash before and after VZV immunization. Current VZV vaccination programs may be insufficient in preventing HZ complications. Therefore, close varicella and HZ burden monitoring and the establishment of effective VZV vaccination programs are imperative.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children8100845","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]],"date-time":"2021-09-27T01:59:47Z","timestamp":1632707987000},"page":"845","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Clinical Manifestations of Herpes Zoster Associated with Complications in Children"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Dong Ha","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang 14068, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byung Ok","family":"Kwak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul 07441, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A Young","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang 14068, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3463-3060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Han Wool","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang 14068, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1302674","article-title":"Clinical practice: Herpes zoster","volume":"369","author":"Cohen","year":"2013","journal-title":"N. 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