{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T16:57:34Z","timestamp":1792083454398,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,22]],"date-time":"2021-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Two thirds of pediatric gliomas are classified as low-grade (LGG), while in adults only around 20% of gliomas are low-grade. However, these tumors do not only differ in their incidence but also in their location, behavior and, subsequently, treatment. Pediatric LGG constitute 65% of pilocytic astrocytomas, while in adults the most commonly found histology is diffuse low-grade glioma (WHO II), which mostly occurs in eloquent regions of the brain, while its pediatric counterpart is frequently found in the infratentorial compartment. The different tumor locations require different skillsets from neurosurgeons. In adult LGG, a common practice is awake surgery, which is rarely performed on children. On the other hand, pediatric neurosurgeons are more commonly confronted with infratentorial tumors causing hydrocephalus, which more often require endoscopic or shunt procedures to restore the cerebrospinal fluid flow. In adult and pediatric LGG surgery, gross total excision is the primary treatment strategy. Only tumor recurrences or progression warrant adjuvant therapy with either chemo- or radiotherapy. In pediatric LGG, MEK inhibitors have shown promising initial results in treating recurrent LGG and several ongoing trials are investigating their role and safety. Moreover, predisposition syndromes, such as neurofibromatosis or tuberous sclerosis complex, can increase the risk of developing LGG in children, while in adults, usually no tumor growth in these syndromes is observed. In this review, we discuss and compare the differences between pediatric and adult LGG, emphasizing that pediatric LGG should not be approached and managed in the same way as adult LCG.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children8111075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,23]],"date-time":"2021-11-23T02:55:17Z","timestamp":1637636117000},"page":"1075","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Pediatric and Adult Low-Grade Gliomas: Where Do the Differences Lie?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Ladina","family":"Greuter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, King\u2019s College Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 9RS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raphael","family":"Guzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, University Children\u2019s Hospital of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1900-9286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jehuda","family":"Soleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, University Children\u2019s Hospital of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"iv1","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noy131","article-title":"CBTRUS statistical report: Primary brain and other central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2011\u20132015","volume":"20","author":"Ostrom","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuro-Oncology"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"99","article-title":"Epidemiology, diagnosis, and optimal management of glioma in adolescents and young adults","volume":"8","author":"Diwanji","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adolesc. 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