{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T12:37:09Z","timestamp":1790426229689,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,24]],"date-time":"2021-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637712000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006424","name":"F\u00e9d\u00e9ration pour la Recherche sur le Cerveau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006424","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-17-EURE-0022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-17-EURE-0022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Noise and high light illumination in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are recognized as stressors that could alter the well-being and development of vulnerable preterm infants. This prospective observational study evaluated the pain behaviours of very preterm infants (VPIs) to sound peaks (SPs) and light levels variations (LLVs) in the NICU. We measured spontaneously occurring SPs and LLVs in the incubators of 26 VPIs over 10 h. Their behavioural responses were analysed through video recordings using the \u201cDouleur Aigue du Nouveau-n\u00e9\u201d (DAN) scale. We compared the maximum DAN scores before and after environmental stimuli and the percentage of VPIs with a score \u2265 3 according to the type of stimuli. A total of 591 SPs and 278 LLVs were analysed. SPs of 5 to 15 dBA and LLVs significantly increased the maximum DAN scores compared to baseline. The occurrence of DAN scores \u2265 3 increased with both stressors, with a total of 16% of SPs and 8% of LLVs leading to quantifiable pain behaviour. Altogether, this study shows that VPIs are sensitive to SPs and LLVs, with a slighter higher sensitivity to SPs. The mechanisms leading to pain behaviours induced by noise and light changes should be evaluated further in the context of VPIs brain development. Our results provide further arguments to optimize the NICU sensory environment of neonatal units and to adapt it to the expectations and sensory abilities of VPIs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children8121081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,28]],"date-time":"2021-11-28T22:19:16Z","timestamp":1638137956000},"page":"1081","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Pain Behavioural Response to Acoustic and Light Environmental Changes in Very Preterm Infants"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Audrey","family":"Marchal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de M\u00e9decine et R\u00e9animation du Nouveau-n\u00e9, H\u00f4pital de Hautepierre, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meggane","family":"Melchior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Int\u00e9gratives (INCI, CNRS UPR-3212), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 67000 Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Dufour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Adaptatives (LNCA, CNRS UMR-7364), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierrick","family":"Poisbeau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Int\u00e9gratives (INCI, CNRS UPR-3212), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 67000 Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Zores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de M\u00e9decine et R\u00e9animation du Nouveau-n\u00e9, H\u00f4pital de Hautepierre, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France"},{"name":"Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Adaptatives (LNCA, CNRS UMR-7364), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Kuhn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de M\u00e9decine et R\u00e9animation du Nouveau-n\u00e9, H\u00f4pital de Hautepierre, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France"},{"name":"Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Int\u00e9gratives (INCI, CNRS UPR-3212), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 67000 Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200008103430601","article-title":"Neurologic and developmental disability after extremely preterm birth. 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