{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T07:15:20Z","timestamp":1761808520628,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]],"date-time":"2022-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641427200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: scoliosis is highly prevalent in children with neurological disorders, however, studies predicting the progression and affecting the direction of scoliosis have been insufficient. We investigated the factors associated with the progression and direction of scoliosis in children with neurological disorders. (2) Method: retrospectively, 518 whole spine radiographs from 116 patients were used for analysis. Factors affecting the progression of scoliosis over time were analyzed using linear mixed-effects model. Factors associated with the apex direction of the scoliosis were analyzed. (3) Results: pelvic obliquity (PO) \u2265 2.5\u00b0, gross motor function classification system level V, vertebral rotation, and female sex significantly affect the progression of scoliosis (p = 0.04, &lt;0.001, &lt;0.001, 0.005, respectively). The higher side of PO and the apex side of scoliosis were interrelated (\u03c7\u00b2 = 14.58, p &lt; 0.001), but the asymmetrical neurological upper extremity involvement was not. (4) Conclusions: severely impaired gross motor function, PO, vertebral rotation, and female sex were significantly related to the progression of scoliosis. The higher side of PO was opposite to the apex side of scoliosis. By identifying the factors that influence the progression of scoliosis, patients at high risk could be more actively intervened to minimize the severe complications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children9010081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]],"date-time":"2022-01-06T03:41:32Z","timestamp":1641440492000},"page":"81","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Factors Influencing the Progression and Direction of Scoliosis in Children with Neurological Disorders"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1323-4503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yeun-Jie","family":"Yoo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, St. Vincent\u2019s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 16247, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9298-9850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jung-Geun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, St. Vincent\u2019s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 16247, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leechan","family":"Jo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, St. Vincent\u2019s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 16247, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Youngdeok","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paul H. Chook Department of Information Systems and Statistics, Baruch College, City University of New York, New York, NY 10010, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mi-Jeong","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, St. Vincent\u2019s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 16247, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joon-Sung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, St. Vincent\u2019s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 16247, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5475-4153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seonghoon","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, St. Vincent\u2019s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 16247, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9290-6173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo-Young","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, St. Vincent\u2019s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 16247, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.3233\/BMR-160675","article-title":"Factors influencing the evaluation and management of neuromuscular scoliosis: A review of the literature","volume":"29","author":"Roberts","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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Spine"}],"container-title":["Children"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2227-9067\/9\/1\/81\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T14:12:50Z","timestamp":1760364770000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2227-9067\/9\/1\/81"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["children9010081"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/children9010081","relation":{},"ISSN":["2227-9067"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2227-9067"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]}}}