{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T09:14:40Z","timestamp":1767863680854,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,15]],"date-time":"2022-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647302400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Title V MCH Block Grant","award":["B04MC33820"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B04MC33820"]}]},{"name":"Alaska Mental Health Trust","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}]},{"name":"American Public Health Association","award":["Injury and Violence Prevention Data Science Demonstration Project"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Injury and Violence Prevention Data Science Demonstration Project"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Early developmental success and school readiness strongly influence future skill development, occupational opportunities, and health. Therefore, it is critical to identify and address early determinants of school readiness for supporting children\u2019s overall well-being and success. In this retrospective cohort study, we examined the effects of pre-birth household challenges, such as homelessness or experiences of intimate partner violence, on children\u2019s early school readiness. We linked data from the Alaska 2009\u20132011 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) to administrative and education records through 2019. Education records included kindergarten developmental scores, third grade reading assessments, and attendance records. Generalized linear models with Quasi-Poisson distributions for each outcome of interest examined the predictive value of pre-birth household challenges on the risks of not meeting school readiness expectations. We found that experiencing higher numbers of pre-birth household challenges was related to higher risk of the child not meeting developmental and reading proficiency and having chronic absenteeism. These results suggest that it is imperative support systems for pregnant persons and their families be introduced as soon as possible in pre-natal care routines to address current pre-birth household stressors and prevent future challenges. Such early prevention efforts are needed to ensure the best possible developmental start for children.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children9030414","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,15]],"date-time":"2022-03-15T03:06:10Z","timestamp":1647313570000},"page":"414","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Pre-Birth Household Challenges Predict Future Child\u2019s School Readiness and Academic Achievement"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8937-8752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robyn A.","family":"Husa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Alaska Mental Health Board, Alaska Department of Health and Social Services, Juneau, AK 99811, USA"},{"name":"Section of Women\u2019s, Children\u2019s and Family Health, Division of Public Health, Alaska Department of Health and Social Services, Anchorage, AK 99503, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jared W.","family":"Parrish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Women\u2019s, Children\u2019s and Family Health, Division of Public Health, Alaska Department of Health and Social Services, Anchorage, AK 99503, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heidi S.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Researcher, Douglas, AK 99824, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"National Research Council (2000). 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