{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T15:49:11Z","timestamp":1781279351239,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,23]],"date-time":"2022-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647993600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007746","name":"W.K. Kellogg Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P0131281"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P0131281"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007746","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Life course-informed theories of development suggest it is important to integrate information about positive and negative aspects of the social environment into studies of child and parental wellbeing, including both stressors that compromise health and resources that promote well-being. We recruited a sample of 169 pairs of caregivers and young children (birth to 5 years) from a community health clinic and administered survey questions to assess stressors and resources. We constructed inventories of stressors and resources and examined the relationships between these inventories and caregivers\u2019 depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and sleep problems, and young children\u2019s medical diagnoses derived from electronic health records. Cumulative stressors and resources displayed bivariate and adjusted associations with caregivers\u2019 depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and sleep problems. For depressive and anxiety symptoms, these associations were evident in models that included stressors and resources together. Caregivers with high stressors and low resources displayed the highest levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms and sleep problems. In terms of children\u2019s health outcomes, only modest trends were evident for developmental\/mental health outcomes, but not other diagnostic categories. Future studies are needed to examine stressors and resources together in larger samples and in relation to prospectively assessed measures of child well-being.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children9040452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,23]],"date-time":"2022-03-23T12:20:25Z","timestamp":1648038025000},"page":"452","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Family Stressors and Resources as Social Determinants of Health among Caregivers and Young Children"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Natalie","family":"Slopen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA"},{"name":"Center on the Developing Child, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin Le","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Equity Research Lab, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin Winston","family":"Morgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael William","family":"Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Equity Research Lab, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camila","family":"Mateo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia","family":"Garcia Coll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4334-1852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dolores","family":"Acevedo Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Child, Youth and Family Policy, Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naomi","family":"Priest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Social Research and Methods, Australia National University, Canberra 0200, Australia"},{"name":"Population Health, Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Centre, Royal Children\u2019s Hospital, Melbourne 3025, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5036-318X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elaine","family":"Wethington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MA 48106, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esther","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margo","family":"Moyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Equity Research Lab, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathaniel M.","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Policy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Krumholz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8654-6228","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David R.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA"},{"name":"Departments of African and African American Studies and of Sociology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine (2019). 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