{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T03:56:38Z","timestamp":1790740598120,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]],"date-time":"2022-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Illness, surgery and surgical hospitalization are significant stressors for children. Some children who experience such a medical event may develop Pediatric Medical Traumatic Stress (PMTS). PMTS affects physical recovery, and many areas and functions in children\u2019s lives, both short- and long-term. The aim of the study is to examine the difference in the rate of PMTS between the Arab and Jewish populations and the difference in risk factors for the development of this syndrome. Method: The study involved 252 parents of children aged 1\u20136 who were hospitalized in the surgical ward of Hadassah Medical Center. During hospitalization, parents completed questionnaires to identify risk factors for the development of PMTS. At 3 months from the time of discharge, the children\u2019s level of PMTS was measured. Results: The rate of children diagnosed with PMTS among Arab children was significantly higher than the rate in the Jewish population. The affiliation to an ethnic group affected different socioeconomic, demographic, social, linguistic and cultural background variables, which in turn affected the emergence of PMTS. Conclusion: The study emphasizes the nature of PMTS at the intercultural level, which can be an important source for theoretically understanding both the disorder and culture, as well as for clinical implications in developing population-sensitive treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children9040526","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]],"date-time":"2022-04-07T13:39:51Z","timestamp":1649338791000},"page":"526","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Intercultural Differences in the Development of Pediatric Medical Traumatic Stress (PMTS) in Children Following Surgical Hospitalization"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Bushra","family":"Masalha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Herman Dana Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91240, Israel"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190501, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6206-5879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shiri","family":"Ben-David","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Herman Dana Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91240, Israel"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91240, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fortu","family":"Benarroch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Herman Dana Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91240, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amichai","family":"Ben-ari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Herman Dana Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91240, Israel"},{"name":"Department of Behavioral Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 9318659, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1097\/00004703-200206000-00002","article-title":"Children\u2019s psychological responses after critical illness and exposure to invasive technology","volume":"23","author":"Rennick","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. 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