{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T19:11:26Z","timestamp":1765825886315,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]],"date-time":"2022-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652140800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Infants with intestinal failure associated liver disease (IFALD) requiring liver and bowel transplant have a high mortality on the transplant waiting list due to the scarcity of the size-matched donor organs. Bridging liver transplantation has been used to allow the children to grow to a reasonable size so that a combined liver and small bowel transplant could be performed in the future. We report on two children with irreversible intestinal failure (ultra-short bowel syndrome secondary to gastroschisis and microvillous inclusion disease) with IFALD who underwent bridging liver transplantation at our institution. Both patients made a good recovery from their initial surgery. One patient died 6 months following surgery from generalized sepsis, and the other patient survived in good condition to undergo a combined liver and small bowel transplant but died a few days post-transplant. In the current era of scarcity of donor organs, this raises an ethical dilemma for the team involved regarding appropriate utilisation of a scarce resource.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children9050699","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]],"date-time":"2022-05-10T08:31:55Z","timestamp":1652171515000},"page":"699","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Bridging Liver Transplantation in the Treatment of Intestinal Failure Associated Liver Disease in Infants\u2014A Bridge Too Far?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Abubakar","family":"Sharif","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Unit (Including Small Bowel Transplantation), Birmingham Women & Children\u2019s Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khalid","family":"Sharif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Unit (Including Small Bowel Transplantation), Birmingham Women & Children\u2019s Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Darius","family":"Mirza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Unit (Including Small Bowel Transplantation), Birmingham Women & Children\u2019s Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK"},{"name":"Liver Transplant Unit, Queen Elizabeth University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9026-1583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Girish","family":"Gupte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Unit (Including Small Bowel Transplantation), Birmingham Women & Children\u2019s Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000157265.85388.a1","article-title":"Intestine Transplant registry 2003 report of the intestine transplant registry a new era has dawned","volume":"241","author":"Grant","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann. Surg."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e318265c508","article-title":"Combined liver-intestine grafts compared with isolated intestinal transplantation in children: A single-center experience","volume":"94","author":"Dopazo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2005.090068","article-title":"Improved outcome of referrals for intestinal transplantation in the UK","volume":"92","author":"Gupte","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch. Dis. Child."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e31818c6099","article-title":"Isolated liver transplant in infants with short bowel syndrome: Insights into outcomes and prognostic factors","volume":"48","author":"Beath","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Pediatric Gastroenterol. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1007\/s10856-017-5880-0","article-title":"Outcomes after hand and upper extremity transplantation","volume":"28","author":"Shores","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med."},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"Smith, L.K., Draper, E.S., and MBRRACE-UK (2018). MBRRACE-UK Report on Survival up to One Year of Age of Babies Born before 27 Weeks Gestational Age for Births in Great Britain from January to December 2016, The Infant Mortality and Morbidity Studies, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester."},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"Beauchamp, T.L., and Childress, J.F. (2001). Principles of Biomedical Ethics, Oxford University Press. [5th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_8","unstructured":"(2021, December 30). NHS Blood and Transplant (NHSBT)-Introduction to Patient Selection and Organ Allocation Policies. Available online: https:\/\/nhsbtdbe.blob.core.windows.net\/umbraco-assets-corp\/4955\/introduction_to_selection_and_allocation_policies.pdf."}],"container-title":["Children"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2227-9067\/9\/5\/699\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T23:08:41Z","timestamp":1760137721000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2227-9067\/9\/5\/699"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["children9050699"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/children9050699","relation":{},"ISSN":["2227-9067"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2227-9067"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]]}}}