{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T08:28:06Z","timestamp":1761294486339,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]],"date-time":"2022-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655769600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective and design: Following COVID-19 infection, children can develop an hyperinflammatory state termed Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C). Lung Ultrasound (LUS) features of COVID-19 in children have been described, but data describing the LUS findings of MIS-C are limited. The aim of this retrospective observational study conducted between 1 March and 31 December 2020, at a tertiary pediatric hospital in Milano, is to describe LUS patterns in patients with MIS-C and to verify correlation with illness severity. The secondary objective is to evaluate concordance of LUS with Chest X-ray (CXR). Methodology: Clinical and laboratory data were collected for all patients (age 0\u201318 years) admitted with MIS-C, as well as LUS and CXR patterns at admission. PICU admission, needed for respiratory support and inotrope administration, hospital, and PICU length of stay, were considered as outcomes and evaluated in the different LUS patterns. An agreement between LUS and CXR evaluation was assessed with Cohen\u2019 k. Results: 24 children, who had a LUS examination upon admission, were enrolled. LUS pattern of subpleural consolidations &lt; or &gt; 1 cm with or without pleural effusion were associated with worse Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction at admission and need for inotropes. Subpleural consolidations &lt; 1 cm were also associated with PICU length of stay. Agreement of CXR with LUS for consolidations and effusion was slight. Conclusion: LUS pattern of subpleural consolidations and consolidations with or without pleural effusion are predictors of disease severity; under this aspect, LUS can be used at admission to stratify risk of severe disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children9070931","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]],"date-time":"2022-06-21T21:55:19Z","timestamp":1655848519000},"page":"931","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Lung Ultrasound Patterns in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C)-Characteristics and Prognostic Value"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1160-1456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Camporesi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Children\u2019s Hospital \u201cVittore Buzzi\u201d, 20154 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9543-3831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Gemma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of NeuroAnesthesia and NeuroIntensive Care, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20154 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Danilo","family":"Buonsenso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d, 00168 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5336-8587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefania","family":"Ferrario","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Children\u2019s Hospital \u201cVittore Buzzi\u201d, 20154 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Mandelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Children\u2019s Hospital \u201cVittore Buzzi\u201d, 20154 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Pessina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Children\u2019s Hospital \u201cVittore Buzzi\u201d, 20154 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Veronica","family":"Diotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Children\u2019s Hospital \u201cVittore Buzzi\u201d, 20154 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Rota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Children\u2019s Hospital \u201cVittore Buzzi\u201d, 20154 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6201-2547","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irene","family":"Raso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Children\u2019s Hospital \u201cVittore Buzzi\u201d, 20154 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Fiori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Children\u2019s Hospital \u201cVittore Buzzi\u201d, 20154 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Campari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Radiology, Children\u2019s Hospital \u201cVittore Buzzi\u201d, 20154 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2924-6904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Izzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Children\u2019s Hospital \u201cVittore Buzzi\u201d, 20154 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000002888","article-title":"A Systematic Review of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Infection","volume":"39","author":"Kaushik","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr. 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