{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T12:41:13Z","timestamp":1793450473912,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,30]],"date-time":"2022-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659139200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Consensus on the optimal management of asymptomatic congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) is lacking, and comparison between studies remains difficult due to a large variety in outcome measures. We aimed to define a core outcome set (COS) for pediatric patients with an asymptomatic CPAM. An online, three-round Delphi survey was conducted in two stakeholder groups of specialized caregivers (surgeons and non-surgeons) in various European centers. Proposed outcome parameters were scored according to level of importance, and the final COS was established through consensus. A total of 55 participants (33 surgeons, 22 non-surgeons) from 28 centers in 13 European countries completed the three rounds and rated 43 outcome parameters. The final COS comprises seven outcome parameters: respiratory insufficiency, surgical complications, mass effect\/mediastinal shift (at three time-points) and multifocal disease (at two time-points). The seven outcome parameters included in the final COS reflect the diversity in priorities among this large group of European participants. However, we recommend the incorporation of these outcome parameters in the design of future studies, as they describe measurable and validated outcomes as well as the accepted age at measurement.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children9081153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,31]],"date-time":"2022-07-31T21:49:02Z","timestamp":1659304142000},"page":"1153","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["The Management of Asymptomatic Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation: Results of a European Delphi Survey"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6514-086X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Casper M.","family":"Kersten","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus MC Sophia Children\u2019s Hospital, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergei M.","family":"Hermelijn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus MC Sophia Children\u2019s Hospital, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dhanya","family":"Mullassery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London WC1N 3JH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0410-0776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nagarajan","family":"Muthialu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London WC1N 3JH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nazan","family":"Cobanoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Ankara University School of Medicine, 06620 Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8190-5092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Gartner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, Hospital Universitari Vall d\u2019Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Bagolan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fetus, Newborn and Infant, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Pediatric Hospital, Tor Vergata University, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Mesas Burgos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Sgr\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stijn","family":"Heyman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, ZNA-GZA Children\u2019s Hospital, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Holger","family":"Till","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janne","family":"Suominen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Helsinki Children\u2019s Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maarten","family":"Schurink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Radboud University Medical Centre, Amalia Children\u2019s Hospital, 3525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liesbeth","family":"Desender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Losty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 72B, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henri","family":"Steyaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Queen Fabiola Children\u2019s University Hospital, 1020 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne","family":"Terheggen-Lagro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Emma Children\u2019s Hospital Amsterdam University Medical Centers, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Metzelder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medizinische Universit\u00e4t Wien, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnaud","family":"Bonnard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, H\u00f4pital Universitaire Robert Debr\u00e9, 75019 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rony","family":"Sfeir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, H\u00f4pital Jeanne de Flandre, 59000 Lille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Birmingham Children\u2019s Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iain","family":"Yardley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Evelina London Children\u2019s Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noor R. V. M.","family":"Rikkers-Mutsaerts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2033 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cornelis K.","family":"van der Ent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niels","family":"Qvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Des W.","family":"Cox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Children\u2019s Health Ireland at Crumlin, D12 N512 Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Royal Manchester Children\u2019s Hospital, Manchester M13 9WL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4823-5872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michiel A. G. E.","family":"Bannier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucas","family":"Wessel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, 68167 Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marijke","family":"Proesmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, University Hospital Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Stanton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Hannon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Leeds Children\u2019s Hospital, Leeds LS1 3EX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6899-6137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Zampoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Red Cross War Memorial Children\u2019s Hospital, Cape Town 7700, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Morini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatal Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harm A. W. M.","family":"Tiddens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergology, Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC Sophia Children\u2019s Hospital, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ren\u00e9 M. H.","family":"Wijnen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus MC Sophia Children\u2019s Hospital, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4910-8293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johannes M.","family":"Schnater","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus MC Sophia Children\u2019s Hospital, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1604020","article-title":"Current Management of Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformations: A \u201cEuropean Pediatric Surgeons\u2019 Association\u201d Survey","volume":"28","author":"Morini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pediatr. 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