{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T23:28:57Z","timestamp":1787614137607,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]],"date-time":"2022-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS) are at an increased risk for thromboembolic events, such as deep venous and arterial thrombosis and pulmonary embolism (PE). In general, PE in children differs from adults in incidence, predisposition, pathophysiology, presenting symptoms, and management strategies. There is a lack of treatment guidelines for PE in children, and the management strategies are mostly extrapolated from adult data. This case report highlights the presentation of acute cor pulmonale due to massive PE associated with NS and a successful pulmonary endarterectomy that reversed the child\u2019s pulmonary hypertension and normalized right ventricular function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children9101444","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]],"date-time":"2022-09-22T21:10:05Z","timestamp":1663881005000},"page":"1444","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Successful Pulmonary Endarterectomy after Acute Pulmonary Embolism and Reversal of Acute Cor Pulmonale in an 11-Year-Old Boy with Nephrotic Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Onyekachukwue","family":"Osakwe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9530-8785","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bibhuti","family":"B. Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2021.02.007","article-title":"Nephrotic syndrome disease activity is proportional to its associated hypercoagulopathy","volume":"201","author":"Waller","year":"2021","journal-title":"Thromb. Res."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Safdar, O.Y., Rajab, R.H., Alghanemi, R.G., Tantawi, G.A., Alsulami, N.A., Alsayed, A.A., and Habiballah, A.K. (2020). Bilateral Pulmonary Embolism in a 12-Year-Old Girl with Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome. 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Haemost."},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"CD013083","article-title":"Catheter-directed therapies for the treatment of high risk (massive) and intermediate risk (submassive) acute pulmonary embolism","volume":"8","author":"Harvey","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0000000000002172","article-title":"Catheter-Directed Pharmacologic Thrombolysis for Acute Submassive and Massive Pulmonary Emboli in Children and Adolescents-An Exploratory Report","volume":"21","author":"Ji","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr. Crit. 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Heart J."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4693","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2020001830","article-title":"American society of hematology 2020 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: Treatment of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism","volume":"4","author":"Ortel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601792","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01792-2016","article-title":"Incidence of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension after acute pulmonary embolism: A contemporary view of the published literature","volume":"49","author":"Cannegieter","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.24953\/turkjped.2018.05.023","article-title":"Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy in pediatric patients: Report of three cases","volume":"60","author":"Kumbasar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Turk. J. 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Cardiovasc. Surg."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2045894019886249","DOI":"10.1177\/2045894019886249","article-title":"Pulmonary endarterectomy in a 12-year-old boy with multiple comorbidities","volume":"9","author":"Verbelen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pulm. Circ."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1669","DOI":"10.1111\/jocs.14610","article-title":"A rare childhood case of Behcet\u2019s disease and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension","volume":"35","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Card. Surg."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2010.07.010","article-title":"Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension in pediatric patients","volume":"141","author":"Madani","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. 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