{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T20:15:42Z","timestamp":1788552942354,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]],"date-time":"2022-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670198400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Objectives: Hallucinogens are being explored as a potential treatment of psychiatric disorders. Micro dosing of illicitly purchased hallucinogen drugs is on the rise despite conclusive benefits. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence and odds of hopelessness, suicidality, and co-occurring substance use among adolescent hallucinogen users. (2) Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\u2019s Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) 2001\u20132019 data that nationally represents school-going US adolescents. We identified hallucinogen use based on the survey questions, exploring the use of hallucinogens (LSD, PCP, mescaline, and mushrooms). (3) Results: Out of a total of 125,550 respondents, 8.4% reported using hallucinogens. Overall, the trend of hallucinogen use decreased from 13.3% (2001) to 7.0% (2019) (pTrend &lt; 0.0001). Hallucinogen users were at high odds of feeling sad and hopeless (aOR: 1.40; 95%CI: 1.21\u20131.61; p &lt; 0.0001), considering suicide (aOR: 1.36; 95%CI: 1.08\u20131.70; p = 0.009), and planning suicide (aOR: 1.49; 95%CI: 1.19\u20131.86; p = 0.001). Additionally, adolescent hallucinogen users had a higher prevalence of alcohol, cigarette, e-cigarette, marijuana, synthetic marijuana, inhalants, heroin, cocaine, methamphetamine, and ecstasy use. (4) Conclusions: The overall trend of hallucinogen use decreased among school-going American adolescents. We found a high prevalence of co-occurring substance use among hallucinogen users. We found that hallucinogen users were at high odds of feeling sad, hopeless, and considering and planning suicide. Further research is needed to explore the effects of recreational hallucinogen use among the adolescent population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children9121906","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]],"date-time":"2022-12-05T06:29:09Z","timestamp":1670221749000},"page":"1906","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Hopelessness, Suicidality, and Co-Occurring Substance Use among Adolescent Hallucinogen Users\u2014A National Survey Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4692-1414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saral","family":"Desai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Tower Health\/Phoenixville Hospital, Phoenixville, PA 19460, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vidisha","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Ajmer 305001, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sona","family":"Xavier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Father Muller Medical College, Mangaluru 575002, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Affairs, Tower Health, West Reading, PA 19611, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1659-20.2020","article-title":"Hallucinogens in Mental Health: Preclinical and Clinical Studies on LSD, Psilocybin, MDMA, and Ketamine","volume":"41","author":"Preller","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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