{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T13:13:15Z","timestamp":1782738795805,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,9]],"date-time":"2021-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fund for Economy and Tourism of Lower Austria","award":["WST3-F-5030664\/015-2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WST3-F-5030664\/015-2019"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CIMB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The serum fraction of platelet-rich fibrin (hyperacute serum) has been shown to improve cartilage cell proliferation in in vitro osteoarthritic knee joint models. We hypothesize that hyperacute serum may be a potential regenerative therapeutic for osteoarthritic knees. In this study, the cytokine milieu at the synovial fluid of osteoarthritic knee joints exposed to hyperacute serum intraarticular injections was investigated. Patients with knee osteoarthritis received three injections of autologous hyperacute serum; synovial fluid was harvested before each injection and clinical monitoring was followed-up for 6 months. Forty osteoarthritic-related cytokines, growth factors and structural proteins from synovial fluid were quantified and analysed by Multivariate Factor Analysis. Hyperacute serum provided symptomatic relief regarding pain and joint stability for OA patients. Both patients \u201cwith\u201d and \u201cwithout effusion knees\u201d had improved VAS, KOOS and Lysholm-Tegner scores 6 months after of hyperacute serum treatment. Synovial fluid analysis revealed two main clusters of proteins reacting together as a group, showing strong and significant correlations with their fluctuation patterns after hyperacute serum treatment. In conclusion, hyperacute serum has a positive effect in alleviating symptoms of osteoarthritic knees. Moreover, identified protein clusters may allow the prediction of protein expression, reducing the number of investigated proteins in future studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb43020046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,9]],"date-time":"2021-07-09T04:14:57Z","timestamp":1625804097000},"page":"637-649","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A Pilot Clinical Study of Hyperacute Serum Treatment in Osteoarthritic Knee Joint: Cytokine Changes and Clinical Effects"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5636-8643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"Olmos Calvo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"OrthoSera GmbH, Dr. Karl-Dorrek-Stra\u00dfe 23-29, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9487-2824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eszter","family":"Fodor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Physiology, University of Physical Education, 44 Alkot\u00e1s utca, 1123 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorottya","family":"Kardos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 26 \u00dcll\u00f6i utca, 1085 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Istv\u00e1n","family":"Horny\u00e1k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 26 \u00dcll\u00f6i utca, 1085 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ad\u00e9l","family":"Hinsenkamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 26 \u00dcll\u00f6i utca, 1085 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1827-1314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olga","family":"Kuten-Pella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"OrthoSera GmbH, Dr. Karl-Dorrek-Stra\u00dfe 23-29, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zsuzsanna","family":"Gyevn\u00e1r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Physiology, University of Physical Education, 44 Alkot\u00e1s utca, 1123 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00e1bor","family":"Erd\u00e9lyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kast\u00e9lypark Klinika, 15 Hajd\u00fa utca, 2890 Tata, 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