{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T18:24:54Z","timestamp":1787163894365,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,19]],"date-time":"2021-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632009600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002241","name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["STSC20001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["STSC20001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002241","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Japan Society for Promoting Science","award":["19K09840"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19K09840"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CIMB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Uterine leiomyoma, also known as fibroids, is the most common benign neoplasm of the female genital tract. Leiomyoma is the most common uterine tumor. The leiomyoma subtypes account for approximately 10% of leiomyomas. Intravenous leiomyomatosis, a uterine leiomyoma subtype, is an intravascular growth of benign smooth muscle cells, occasionally with pelvic or extrapelvic extension. Uterine leiomyosarcoma, a malignant tumor, tends to metastasize hematogenously, and distant metastasis to the lungs and liver is common. Therefore, the oncological properties of this intravenous leiomyomatosis resemble those of the malignant tumor uterine leiomyosarcoma. Cancer stem cells migrate to distant organs via intravascular infiltration, leading to micrometastases. We examined the oncological properties of intravenous leiomyomatosis using molecular pathological techniques on tissue excised from patients with uterine leiomyoma. CD44-positive mesenchymal tumor stem-like cells were detected in both patients with intravenous leiomyomatosis and uterine leiomyosarcoma. The oncological properties of intravenous leiomyomatosis were found to be similar to those of uterine leiomyosarcoma. However, in intravenous leiomyomatosis, cyclin E and Ki-67-positive cells were rare and no pathological findings suspecting malignancy were observed. It is expected that establishing a treatment method targeting cancer stem cells will lead to the treatment of malignant tumors with a low risk of recurrence and metastasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb43020084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]],"date-time":"2021-09-21T22:35:20Z","timestamp":1632263720000},"page":"1188-1202","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Oncological Properties of Intravenous Leiomyomatosis: Involvement of Mesenchymal Tumor Stem-Like Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Saya","family":"Tamura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7525-2048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takuma","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cancer Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan"},{"name":"START-Program, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Tokyo 102-8666, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideki","family":"Tokunaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuo","family":"Yaegashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaoru","family":"Abiko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ikuo","family":"Konishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyoto University School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Uterine leiomyoma (2020). 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