{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T18:08:56Z","timestamp":1793210936236,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]],"date-time":"2021-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005725","name":"National Plan for Science, Technology and Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12-BIO2646-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12-BIO2646-02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CIMB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Post-menopausal osteoporosis (PMO) is a multifactorial bone disorder in elderly women. Various vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene variants have been studied and associated with osteoporosis in other populations, but not in a homogenous Arab ethnic group. Herein, the current study explores the association between VDR polymorphisms and susceptibility to osteoporosis in Saudi postmenopausal women. In total, 600 Saudi postmenopausal women (N = 300 osteoporosis; N = 300 control) were genotyped for VDR gene variants (rs7975232, rs1544410, rs731236) using TaqMan\u00ae SNP genotyping assays. Bone mineral density (BMD) for the lumbar spine and femur was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The heterozygous frequency distributions AC of rs7975232, CT of rs1544410, and AG of rs731236 were significantly higher in the osteoporosis group than controls (p &lt; 0.05). Heterozygous AC of rs7975232 (1.6; 95% CI 1.1\u20132.3; p &lt; 0.023), CT of rs1544410 (1.6; 95% CI 1.1\u20132.4; p &lt; 0.022), and AG of rs731236 (1.6; 95% CI 1.1\u20132.4; p &lt; 0.024) were significantly associated with increased risk of osteoporosis, independent of age and BMI. In conclusion, VDR gene variants rs7975232, rs1544410, rs731236 had a significant effect on BMD and were associated with osteoporosis risk in Saudi postmenopausal women.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb43030094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]],"date-time":"2021-09-27T23:08:31Z","timestamp":1632784111000},"page":"1325-1334","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Vitamin D Receptor Gene Variants Susceptible to Osteoporosis in Arab Post-Menopausal Women"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4307-7679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed. G. A.","family":"Ansari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdul Khader","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9568-6516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaiser A.","family":"Wani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syed D.","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah M.","family":"Alnaami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2024-4171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saba","family":"Abdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naji J.","family":"Aljohani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Obesity, Endocrine, and Metabolic Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 59046, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nasser M.","family":"Al-Daghri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.14231","article-title":"Novel insights into the complex architecture of osteoporosis molecular genetics","volume":"1462","author":"Saad","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. 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