{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T05:12:23Z","timestamp":1788498743505,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,16]],"date-time":"2021-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639612800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CIMB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The use of \u03b1-tocopherol during in vitro maturation (IVM) is an alternative to minimize the adverse effects of heat stress on oocyte competence. However, \u03b1-tocopherol is diluted in ethanol, which can induce oocyte parthenogenetic activation (PA). This study aimed to evaluate the role of ethanol concentration on PA and the effect of \u03b1-tocopherol supplementation during IVM on the developmental competence and the expression of key genes in blastocysts derived from summer-collected oocytes. All in vitro embryo production was conducted at 5% O2, 5% CO2 at 38.5 \u00b0C. Experiment 1: oocytes were cultured with or without 0.05% ethanol. As positive PA control matured oocytes were subjected to 3% or 7% ethanol for 7 min. Oocytes from all groups were placed in fertilization medium (22 h) and culture medium (9 days). Ethanol at 0.05% during IVM did not induce oocyte PA, however, 3% and 7% ethanol were effective parthenogenetic inductors. Experiment 2: oocytes were cultured in maturation medium supplemented with 0, 50, 100 and 200 \u03bcM \u03b1-tocopherol, diluted in 0.05% ethanol. After in vitro fertilization and embryo culture, we assessed blastocyst apoptotic index and the transcription of a panel of genes. The results showed that supplementation with 100 \u03bcM \u03b1-tocopherol reduced apoptotic index and increased the expression of SOD2. In conclusion, 100 \u03bcM \u03b1-tocopherol, diluted in 0.05% ethanol, can be used during IVM to embryonic quality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb43030158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,16]],"date-time":"2021-12-16T21:32:40Z","timestamp":1639690360000},"page":"2253-2265","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Effect of Ethanol on Parthenogenetic Activation and \u03b1-Tocopherol Supplementation during In Vitro Maturation on Developmental Competence of Summer-Collected Bovine Oocytes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7345-7237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"B\u00e1ez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Superior de la Carne, Centro Universitario Regional Noreste, Universidad de la Rep\u00fablica, Ruta 5, km 386, Tacuaremb\u00f3 45000, Uruguay"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bel\u00e9n","family":"G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Superior de la Carne, Centro Universitario Regional Noreste, Universidad de la Rep\u00fablica, Ruta 5, km 386, Tacuaremb\u00f3 45000, Uruguay"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2133-6075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victoria","family":"de Brun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Endocrinolog\u00eda y Metabolismo Animal, Universidad de la Rep\u00fablica, Laspalces 1620, Montevideo 45000, Uruguay"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2235-979X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N\u00e9lida","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Osorio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Gen\u00f3mica y Bioinform\u00e1tica, Departamento de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Centro Universitario Regional Litoral Norte, Universidad de la Rep\u00fablica, Rivera 1350, Salto 50000, Uruguay"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8647-4802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina","family":"Vi\u00f1oles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Salud Reproductiva de Rumiantes en Sistemas Agroforestales, Centro Universitario Regional Noreste, Universidad de la Rep\u00fablica, Ruta 26, km 408, Cerro Largo 37000, Uruguay"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtherbio.2019.06.009","article-title":"Application of microchip and infrared thermography for monitoring body temperature of beef cattle kept on pasture","volume":"84","author":"Giro","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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