{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T15:01:44Z","timestamp":1791644504696,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":181,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]],"date-time":"2022-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CIMB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The blastocyst expresses paternally derived alloantigens and induces inflammation during implantation. However, it is necessary for the onset of pregnancy. An abnormal response might result in a pathological course of pregnancy or pregnancy failure. On the other hand, a state of maternal immune tolerance is necessary to ensure the normal development of pregnancy by suppressing inflammatory processes. This article discusses recognized mechanisms and the significance of inflammatory processes for embryo implantation and pregnancy establishment. We would also like to present disorders involving excessive inflammatory response and their influence on events occurring during embryo implantation. The chain of correlation between the processes responsible for embryo implantation and the subsequent physiological course of pregnancy is complicated. Many of those interrelationships are still yet to be discovered. Undoubtedly, their recognition will give hope to infertile couples for the emergence of new treatments that will increase the chance of giving birth to a healthy child.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb44090260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]],"date-time":"2022-08-23T21:05:12Z","timestamp":1661288712000},"page":"3792-3808","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Inflammation-Related Molecules at the Maternal\u2013Fetal Interface during Pregnancy and in Pathologically Altered Endometrium"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Wlodzimierz","family":"Sieg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Invicta Research and Development Center, 81-740 Sopot, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2738-8952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jolanta","family":"Kiewisz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-561 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1942-5522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amira","family":"Podolak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6094-2273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grzegorz","family":"Jakiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Invicta Research and Development Center, 81-740 Sopot, Poland"},{"name":"The Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Gdansk, 01-004 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1270-3438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Izabela","family":"Woclawek-Potocka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jakub","family":"Lukaszuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Invicta Research and Development Center, 81-740 Sopot, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5996-6991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Lukaszuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Invicta Research and Development Center, 81-740 Sopot, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2010.05938.x","article-title":"Inflammation and Pregnancy: The Role of the Immune System at the Implantation Site","volume":"1221","author":"Mor","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmy012","article-title":"How Uterine Microbiota Might Be Responsible for a Receptive, Fertile Endometrium","volume":"24","author":"Benner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Update"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679106","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.679106","article-title":"NF-\u03baB and Its Regulators during Pregnancy","volume":"12","author":"Correa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"555667","article-title":"Immunological Approach of Personalized Treatment for Recurrent Implantation Failure Patients Undergoing IVF","volume":"5","author":"Pathare","year":"2018","journal-title":"Glob. J. Reprod. Med."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102618","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2019.102618","article-title":"Are the Cytokines TNF Alpha and IL 1Beta Early Predictors of Embryo Implantation? Cross Sectional Study","volume":"137","author":"Salama","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dml004","article-title":"Endometrial Receptivity Markers, the Journey to Successful Embryo Implantation","volume":"12","author":"Achache","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Update"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1177\/205891581000100209","article-title":"Cytokines and Growth Factors in Implantation","volume":"1","author":"Chimote","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Stem Cell Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Massimiani, M., Lacconi, V., la Civita, F., Ticconi, C., Rago, R., and Campagnolo, L. (2020). Molecular Signaling Regulating Endometrium\u2013Blastocyst Crosstalk. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21010023"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.10.031","article-title":"Successful Implantation Is Associated with a Transient Increase in Serum Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Profile Followed by a Switch to Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Profile Prior to Confirmation of Pregnancy","volume":"115","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.02.028","article-title":"Circulating Cytokines during the Blastocyst Peri-Implantation Period","volume":"115","author":"Maria","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"1247","article-title":"The Relationship between Inflammatory and Immunological Processes during Pregnancy. Practical Aspects","volume":"160","author":"Vermes","year":"2019","journal-title":"Orv. Hetil."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"862","article-title":"Cytokines and Endometrial Receptivity after Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection\u2014A Cohort Study at Islamabad","volume":"68","author":"Rehman","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Pak. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2009.00792.x","article-title":"Inflammation and Implantation","volume":"63","author":"Dekel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gde.2017.08.004","article-title":"The Inflammation Paradox in the Evolution of Mammalian Pregnancy: Turning a Foe into a Friend","volume":"47","author":"Chavan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12466","article-title":"Decidual Control of Trophoblast Invasion","volume":"75","author":"Sharma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.1997.tb00193.x","article-title":"The Interleukin-1 System and Human Implantation","volume":"37","author":"Mercader","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2004.01.014","article-title":"Implantation: Embryonic Signals and the Modulation of the Uterine Environment\u2014A Review","volume":"25","author":"Fazleabas","year":"2004","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2012.05.008","article-title":"The Role of Interleukin-1\u03b2 in Human Trophoblast Motility","volume":"33","author":"Prutsch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gar070","article-title":"Macrophages Regulate Expression of A1, 2-Fucosyltransferase Genes in Human Endometrial Epithelial Cells","volume":"18","author":"Nakamura","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1387\/ijdb.140096sr","article-title":"Immunological Determinants of Implantation Success","volume":"58","author":"Robertson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Dev. Biol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/S1472-6483(10)60942-X","article-title":"Factors Controlling Blastocyst Implantation","volume":"10","author":"Minas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Reprod. Biomed. Online"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.repbio.2017.05.005","article-title":"Involvement of STAT1 in Proliferation and Invasiveness of Trophoblastic Cells","volume":"17","author":"Chaiwangyen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106788","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106788","article-title":"Trophoblast-Derived IL-6 Serves as an Important Factor for Normal Pregnancy by Activating Stat3-Mediated M2 Macrophages Polarization","volume":"90","author":"Ding","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1380","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.26934","article-title":"Role of STAT Signaling and Autocrine Action of Chemokines during H2O2 Induced HTR-8\/SVneo Trophoblastic Cells Invasion","volume":"234","author":"Banerjee","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12672","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12672","article-title":"Activation of NOD-1\/JNK\/IL-8 Signal Axis in Decidual Stromal Cells Facilitates Trophoblast Invasion","volume":"78","author":"Ryu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2018.07.001","article-title":"Synergistic Effects of Tumor Necrosis Factor-\u03b1 and Insulin-like Growth Factor-I on Survival of Human Trophoblast-Derived BeWo Cell Line","volume":"41","author":"Tanaka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Growth Horm. IGF Res."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3934","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2016.1156668","article-title":"Placental Tumor Necrosis Factor-\u03b1 Protein Expression during Normal Human Gestation","volume":"29","author":"Basu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Matern.-Fetal Neonatal Med."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-031351","article-title":"Tumor Necrosis Factor-\u03b1 Inhibits Trophoblast Migration through Elevation of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 in First-Trimester Villous Explant Cultures","volume":"89","author":"Bauer","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2010.10.003","article-title":"Effect of Tumour Necrosis Factor-\u03b1 in Combination with Interferon-\u03b3 on First Trimester Extravillous Trophoblast Invasion","volume":"88","author":"Otun","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2512","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.06-6616com","article-title":"Interferon-\u03b3 Inhibits Extravillous Trophoblast Cell Invasion by a Mechanism That Involves Both Changes in Apoptosis and Protease Levels","volume":"20","author":"Lash","year":"2006","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"432","article-title":"Decrease in Invasion of HTR-8\/SVneo Trophoblastic Cells by Interferon Gamma Involves Cross-Communication of STAT1 and BATF2 That Regulates the Expression of JUN","volume":"12","author":"Verma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Adhes. Migr."},{"key":"ref_32","first-page":"67","article-title":"Signal Transduction via the NF-\u03baB Pathway: A Targeted Treatment Modality for Infection, Inflammation and Repair","volume":"22","author":"Ali","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell Biochem. Funct. Cell. Biochem. Its Modul. Act. Agents Dis."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-012-1356-1","article-title":"Interaction of the Conceptus and Endometrium to Establish Pregnancy in Mammals: Role of Interleukin 1\u03b2","volume":"349","author":"Geisert","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2015.10.027","article-title":"Corticotropin Releasing Hormone and Urocortin 2 Activate Inflammatory Pathways in Cultured Trophoblast Cell Lines","volume":"195","author":"Novembri","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol."},{"key":"ref_35","first-page":"8","article-title":"NF-KB Regulation in T-Cells in Pregnancy Is Mediated via Fas\/FasL Interactions: The Signal for Which Is Derived from Exosomes Present in Maternal Plasma","volume":"1","author":"McCracken","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1530\/rep.1.00197","article-title":"The Role of Nuclear Factor Kappa B in Human Labour","volume":"130","author":"Lindstrom","year":"2005","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"pe27","DOI":"10.1126\/stke.2882005pe27","article-title":"Crossroads of Estrogen Receptor and NF-\u03baB Signaling","volume":"2005","author":"Biswas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Sci. STKE"},{"key":"ref_38","first-page":"997","article-title":"Estrogen Receptor Ligands in the Control of Pathogenic Inflammation","volume":"7","author":"Harnish","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Investig. Drugs"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.18278","article-title":"Estradiol Suppresses TLR4-Triggered Apoptosis of Decidual Stromal Cells and Drives an Anti-Inflammatory TH2 Shift by Activating SGK1","volume":"13","author":"Lou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/7.2.175","article-title":"The NF-\u039aB Pathway in Human Endometrium and First Trimester Decidua","volume":"7","author":"King","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol. Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-8-39","article-title":"Activation of the Transcription Factor, Nuclear Factor Kappa-B, during the Estrous Cycle and Early Pregnancy in the Pig","volume":"8","author":"Ross","year":"2010","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1071\/RD9940749","article-title":"Immunocytochemical Localization and Changes in Endometrial Progestin Receptor Protein during the Porcine Oestrous Cycle and Early Pregnancy","volume":"6","author":"Geisert","year":"1994","journal-title":"Reprod. Fertil. Dev."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.22686","article-title":"Endometrial Breakdown with Sustained Progesterone Release Involves NF-\u03baB-mediated Functional Progesterone Withdrawal in a Mouse Implant Model","volume":"83","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Reprod. Dev."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6217","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.11.6217","article-title":"Negative Interaction between the RelA (P65) Subunit of NF-\u03baB and the Progesterone Receptor","volume":"271","author":"Kalkhoven","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2004.05.028","article-title":"Identification of a Novel Mechanism of NF-\u039aB Inactivation by Progesterone through Progesterone Receptors in Hec50co Poorly Differentiated Endometrial Cancer Cells: Induction of A20 and ABIN-2","volume":"94","author":"Davies","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gynecol. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1812","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2007-0443","article-title":"Progesterone Receptor Inhibits Aromatase and Inflammatory Response Pathways in Breast Cancer Cells via Ligand-Dependent and Ligand-Independent Mechanisms","volume":"22","author":"Hardy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5138","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0501675102","article-title":"Foxp3 Interacts with Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells and NF-\u039aB to Repress Cytokine Gene Expression and Effector Functions of T Helper Cells","volume":"102","author":"Bettelli","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kwiatek, M., G\u0119ca, T., and Kwa\u015bniewska, A. (2021). Pro-and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines in the First Trimester\u2014Comparison of Missed Miscarriage and Normal Pregnancy. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18168538"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2025","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.02025","article-title":"T Helper (Th) Cell Profiles in Pregnancy and Recurrent Pregnancy Losses: Th1\/Th2\/Th9\/Th17\/Th22\/Tfh Cells","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.113.110056","article-title":"NOD1 and NOD2 Regulate Proinflammatory and Prolabor Mediators in Human Fetal Membranes and Myometrium via Nuclear Factor-Kappa B","volume":"89","author":"Lappas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13190","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13190","article-title":"Pro-inflammatory Immune Cell Gene Expression during the Third Trimester of Pregnancy Is Associated with Shorter Gestational Length and Lower Birthweight","volume":"82","author":"Ross","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.3109\/10641955.2011.642436","article-title":"Activation of NF-\u039aB in Placentas of Women with Preeclampsia","volume":"31","author":"Vaughan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hypertens Pregnancy"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.204.195","article-title":"Expression of Nuclear Factor-Kappa B and Placental Apoptosis in Pregnancies Complicated with Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Preeclampsia: An Immunohistochemical Study","volume":"204","author":"Aban","year":"2004","journal-title":"Tohoku J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.12.026","article-title":"Lipidomics as an Emerging Tool to Predict Endometrial Receptivity","volume":"99","author":"Vilella","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968141","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/968141","article-title":"Diverse Roles of Prostaglandins in Blastocyst Implantation","volume":"2014","author":"Salleh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. World J."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-018-0359-5","article-title":"Prostaglandin E2 Involvement in Mammalian Female Fertility: Ovulation, Fertilization, Embryo Development and Early Implantation","volume":"16","author":"Niringiyumukiza","year":"2018","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3864","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2012-2271","article-title":"Autocrine and Paracrine Mechanisms of Prostaglandin E2 Action on Trophoblast\/Conceptus Cells through the Prostaglandin E2 Receptor (PTGER2) during Implantation","volume":"154","author":"Waclawik","year":"2013","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114514003304","article-title":"Effects of Different N-6: N-3 Fatty Acid Ratios and of Enterolactone on Gene Expression and PG Secretion in Bovine Endometrial Cells","volume":"113","author":"Goff","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2009.07.1668","article-title":"Defective Endometrial Prostaglandin Synthesis Identified in Patients with Repeated Implantation Failure Undergoing in Vitro Fertilization","volume":"94","author":"Achache","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1097\/GCO.0000000000000173","article-title":"Understanding and Improving Endometrial Receptivity","volume":"27","author":"Vilella","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590.2017.1296125","article-title":"Prostaglandin E2 Promotes BeWo Spheroids Implantation in RL95-2 Cell Monolayers","volume":"33","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gynecol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1999.79.2.263","article-title":"Luteolysis: A Neuroendocrine-Mediated Event","volume":"79","author":"McCracken","year":"1999","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1825","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021368","article-title":"Prostaglandin (PG) F2\u03b1 Receptor Expression and Signaling in Human Endometrium: Role of PGF2\u03b1 in Epithelial Cell Proliferation","volume":"88","author":"Milne","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-19-0196","article-title":"Endometrial Stromal Cell MiR-29c-3p Regulates Uterine Contraction","volume":"158","author":"Xiao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2451","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201801064RR","article-title":"TP and\/or EP3 Receptors Mediate the Vasoconstrictor and Pressor Responses of Prostaglandin F2\u03b1 in Mice and\/or Humans","volume":"33","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2016.01.017","article-title":"Sensitivity to the Thromboxane A2 Analog U46619 Varies with Inner Diameter in Human Stem Villous Arteries","volume":"39","author":"Broegger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C663","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1996.270.2.C663","article-title":"Mechanisms of Electrolyte Transport across the Endometrium. I. Regulation by PGF2 Alpha and CAMP","volume":"270","author":"Vetter","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol.-Cell Physiol."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2975","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-2829","article-title":"Effects of PGF2\u03b1 on the Expression of Uterine Activation Proteins in Pregnant Human Myometrial Cells from Upper and Lower Segment","volume":"98","author":"Xu","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-14-0479","article-title":"Prostaglandin F2 Regulates the Expression of Uterine Activation Proteins via Multiple Signalling Pathways","volume":"149","author":"Xu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-15-0496","article-title":"Prostaglandin F2\u03b1 Promotes Angiogenesis and Embryo\u2013Maternal Interactions during Implantation","volume":"151","author":"Kaczynski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2845","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2010-1256","article-title":"The Expression and Regulation of Adrenomedullin in the Human Endometrium: A Candidate for Endometrial Repair","volume":"152","author":"Maybin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2019.06.002","article-title":"Oxytocin Antagonism Reverses the Effects of High Oestrogen Levels and Oxytocin on Decidualization and Cyclooxygenase Activity in Endometrial Tissues","volume":"39","author":"Sztachelska","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reprod. Biomed. Online"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2018.08.001","article-title":"Effects of Different Progestins on Prostaglandin Biosynthesis in Human Endometrial Explants","volume":"99","author":"Roth","year":"2019","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2020.103177","article-title":"Inflammation with the Participation of Arachidonic (AA) and Linoleic Acid (LA) Derivatives (HETEs and HODEs) Is Necessary in the Course of a Normal Reproductive Cycle and Pregnancy","volume":"141","author":"Kikut","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2019.01.020","article-title":"Prostaglandin F2\u03b1 Stimulates Adhesion, Migration, Invasion and Proliferation of the Human Trophoblast Cell Line HTR-8\/SVneo","volume":"77","author":"Baryla","year":"2019","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00221758","article-title":"An Immunohistochemical Study of Human Endometrial Extracellular Matrix during the Menstrual Cycle and First Trimester of Pregnancy","volume":"253","author":"Aplin","year":"1988","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(97)81909-7","article-title":"Localization of Laminin, Fibronectin, E-Cadherin, and Integrins in Endometrium and Endometriosis","volume":"67","author":"Donnez","year":"1997","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)61028-2","article-title":"Hormonal Regulation of Human Endometrial Stromal Cells in Culture: An in Vitro Model for Decidualization","volume":"52","author":"Irwin","year":"1989","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/1.8.407","article-title":"Progressive Rise in the Expression of Interleukin-6 in Human Endometrium during Menstrual Cycle Is Initiated during the Implantation Window","volume":"1","author":"Tabibzadeh","year":"1995","journal-title":"MHR Basic Sci. Reprod. Med."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1974.sp010446","article-title":"Levels of Prostaglandins in Human Endometrium during the Normal Menstrual Cycle","volume":"236","author":"Downie","year":"1974","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/iox118","article-title":"Interleukin 6 Secretion from Alternatively Activated Macrophages Promotes the Migration of Endometriotic Epithelial Cells","volume":"97","author":"Woo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2009.01.013","article-title":"Interleukin-6 Stimulates Cell Migration, Invasion and Integrin Expression in HTR-8\/SVneo Cell Line","volume":"30","year":"2009","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6934","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.18.6934","article-title":"Structural Design and Molecular Evolution of a Cytokine Receptor Superfamily","volume":"87","author":"Bazan","year":"1990","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_84","first-page":"108","article-title":"Secretory Component: A Potential Regulator of Endometrial-Decidual Prostaglandin Production in Early Human Pregnancy","volume":"183","author":"Norwitz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Obs. Gynecol."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/6.6.614","article-title":"Fibroids, Infertility and Pregnancy Wastage","volume":"6","author":"Bajekal","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Update"},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2545","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/del205","article-title":"Differential Infiltration of Macrophages and Prostaglandin Production by Different Uterine Leiomyomas","volume":"21","author":"Miura","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1797","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/16.9.1797","article-title":"Reactive Oxygen Species Stimulate Prostaglandin F2\u03b1 Production in Human Endometrial Stromal Cells in Vitro","volume":"16","author":"Sugino","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/6.7.642","article-title":"Decreased Superoxide Dismutase Expression and Increased Concentrations of Lipid Peroxide and Prostaglandin F2\u03b1 in the Decidua of Failed Pregnancy","volume":"6","author":"Sugino","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mol. Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.10.017","article-title":"Comparison of Endometrial Prostanoid Profiles in Three Infertile Subgroups: The Missing Part of Receptivity?","volume":"113","author":"Erkan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R191","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-16-0167","article-title":"Endocannabinoid System and Pregnancy","volume":"152","author":"Correa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dep065","article-title":"Fluctuation in Anandamide Levels from Ovulation to Early Pregnancy in In-Vitro Fertilization-Embryo Transfer Women, and Its Hormonal Regulation","volume":"24","author":"Taylor","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.23736\/S0026-4784.19.04405-8","article-title":"TNF-\u03b1 Effect on Human Delivery Onset by CB1\/TRPV1 Crosstalk: New Insights into Endocannabinoid Molecular Signaling in Preterm vs. Term Labor. Analysis of the EC\/EV Pathway and Predictive Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis of Preterm Delivery","volume":"71","author":"Torella","year":"2019","journal-title":"Minerva Ginecol."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E352","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00495.2007","article-title":"Cannabinoids Stimulate Prostaglandin Production by Human Gestational Tissues through a Tissue-and CB1-Receptor-Specific Mechanism","volume":"294","author":"Mitchell","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol.-Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vercelli, C.A., Aisemberg, J., Cella, M., Salazar, A.I., Wolfson, M.L., and Franchi, A.M. (2012). Opposite Effects of Methanandamide on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Prostaglandin E2 and F2\u03b1 Synthesis in Uterine Explants from Pregnant Mice. PLoS ONE, 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0039532"},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12266","article-title":"The Role of Inflammation for a Successful Implantation","volume":"72","author":"Dekel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1333476","article-title":"Eutopic Endometrium in Women with Endometriosis: Ground Zero for the Study of Implantation Defects","volume":"Volume 31","author":"Lessey","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Seminars in Reproductive Medicine"},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1376355","article-title":"Homeostasis Imbalance in the Endometrium of Women with Implantation Defects: The Role of Estrogen and Progesterone","volume":"Volume 32","author":"Lessey","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Seminars in Reproductive Medicine"},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2013.255","article-title":"Endometriosis: Pathogenesis and Treatment","volume":"10","author":"Vercellini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maksym, R.B., Hoffmann-M\u0142odzianowska, M., Skibi\u0144ska, M., Rabijewski, M., Mackiewicz, A., and Kieda, C. (2021). Immunology and Immunotherapy of Endometriosis. J. Clin. Med., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10245879"},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2018.03.012","article-title":"Fertility and Infertility: Definition and Epidemiology","volume":"62","author":"Wyns","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.04.056","article-title":"High Prevalence of Endometriosis in Infertile Women with Normal Ovulation and Normospermic Partners","volume":"92","author":"Meuleman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2016.07.005","article-title":"Immune-Inflammation Gene Signatures in Endometriosis Patients","volume":"106","author":"Ahn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2591","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1501138","article-title":"IL-17A Contributes to the Pathogenesis of Endometriosis by Triggering Proinflammatory Cytokines and Angiogenic Growth Factors","volume":"195","author":"Ahn","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_104","first-page":"75","article-title":"Anomalies in the Inflammatory Response in Endometriosis and Possible Consequences: A Review","volume":"37","author":"Khoufache","year":"2012","journal-title":"Minerva Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2002.tb02787.x","article-title":"Implantation Defects in Infertile Women with Endometriosis","volume":"955","author":"Lessey","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015450727580","article-title":"Integrins and Implantation in the Human","volume":"3","author":"Lessey","year":"2002","journal-title":"Rev. Endocr. Metab. Disord."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2767","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dep247","article-title":"L-Selectin Ligands in Human Endometrium: Comparison of Fertile and Infertile Subjects","volume":"24","author":"Margarit","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-007-9151-8","article-title":"Expression of L-Selectin Ligand MECA-79 as a Predictive Marker of Human Uterine Receptivity","volume":"24","author":"Foulk","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Assist. Reprod. Genet."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2870","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2003-0043","article-title":"Expression Profiling of Endometrium from Women with Endometriosis Reveals Candidate Genes for Disease-Based Implantation Failure and Infertility","volume":"144","author":"Kao","year":"2003","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a023002","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a023002","article-title":"The Role of Hox Genes in Female Reproductive Tract Development, Adult Function, and Fertility","volume":"6","author":"Du","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2015.04.041","article-title":"Laparoscopic Endometrioma Resection Increases Peri-Implantation Endometrial HOXA-10 and HOXA-11 MRNA Expression","volume":"104","author":"Celik","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.01.034","article-title":"Aberrant Methylation at HOXA10 May Be Responsible for Its Aberrant Expression in the Endometrium of Patients with Endometriosis","volume":"193","author":"Wu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Obs. Gynecol."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2005.08.046","article-title":"Stromal Cells from Endometriotic Lesions and Endometrium from Women with Endometriosis Have Reduced Decidualization Capacity","volume":"85","author":"Klemmt","year":"2006","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.2174\/1566524016666160225153659","article-title":"cAMP-Response Element-Binding 3-like Protein 1 (CREB3L1) Is Required for Decidualization and Its Expression Is Decreased in Women with Endometriosis","volume":"16","author":"Ahn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E35","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-1527","article-title":"Increased Activation of the PI3K\/AKT Pathway Compromises Decidualization of Stromal Cells from Endometriosis","volume":"97","author":"Yin","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E433","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-3720","article-title":"Decreased Notch Pathway Signaling in the Endometrium of Women with Endometriosis Impairs Decidualization","volume":"100","author":"Su","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2554","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2018-00374","article-title":"MiR-194-3p Represses the Progesterone Receptor and Decidualization in Eutopic Endometrium from Women with Endometriosis","volume":"159","author":"Pei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2598","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dew223","article-title":"MiR-196a Overexpression Activates the MEK\/ERK Signal and Represses the Progesterone Receptor and Decidualization in Eutopic Endometrium from Women with Endometriosis","volume":"31","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.4274\/tjps.galenos.2019.94914","article-title":"Polymorphisms of Estrogen Receptor-\u03b1 and Estrogen Receptor-\u03b2 Genes and Its Expression in Endometriosis","volume":"18","author":"Eldafira","year":"2021","journal-title":"Turk. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2020.12.044","article-title":"Revisiting Estrogen-Dependent Signaling Pathways in Endometriosis: Potential Targets for Non-Hormonal Therapeutics","volume":"258","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmz005","article-title":"Endometriosis and Nuclear Receptors","volume":"25","author":"Yilmaz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Update"},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13156","article-title":"Progesterone Resistance in Endometriosis: Origins, Consequences and Interventions","volume":"96","author":"Patel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Obs. Gynecol. Scand."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marquardt, R.M., Kim, T.H., Shin, J.-H., and Jeong, J.-W. (2019). Progesterone and Estrogen Signaling in the Endometrium: What Goes Wrong in Endometriosis?. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20153822"},{"key":"ref_124","first-page":"2196024","article-title":"Expression of Membrane Progesterone Receptors in Eutopic and Ectopic Endometrium of Women with Endometriosis","volume":"2020","year":"2020","journal-title":"BioMed Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719119828078","article-title":"Progesterone Receptor B (PGR-B) Is Partially Methylated in Eutopic Endometrium from Infertile Women with Endometriosis","volume":"26","author":"Navarro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6765","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-04577-w","article-title":"KRAS Activation and Over-Expression of SIRT1\/BCL6 Contributes to the Pathogenesis of Endometriosis and Progesterone Resistance","volume":"7","author":"Yoo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2019.117190","article-title":"MiR-92a Promotes Progesterone Resistance in Endometriosis through PTEN\/AKT Pathway","volume":"242","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmab017","article-title":"Adenomyosis Pathogenesis: Insights from next-Generation Sequencing","volume":"27","author":"Bulun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Update"},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2016.02.018","article-title":"Local and Systemic Factors and Implantation: What Is the Evidence?","volume":"105","author":"Fox","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-018-1388-x","article-title":"Medical or Surgical Treatment before Embryo Transfer Improves Outcomes in Women with Abnormal Endometrial BCL6 Expression","volume":"36","author":"Likes","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Assist. Reprod. Genet."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmu056","article-title":"Role of Nuclear Progesterone Receptor Isoforms in Uterine Pathophysiology","volume":"21","author":"Patel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Update"},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kapoor, R., Stratopoulou, C.A., and Dolmans, M.-M. (2021). Pathogenesis of Endometriosis: New Insights into Prospective Therapies. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222111700"},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kalaitzopoulos, D.R., Samartzis, N., Kolovos, G.N., Mareti, E., Samartzis, E.P., Eberhard, M., Dinas, K., and Daniilidis, A. (2021). Treatment of Endometriosis: A Review with Comparison of 8 Guidelines. BMC Women\u2019s Health, 21.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-021-01545-5"},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745548","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.745548","article-title":"Pathogenesis Based Diagnosis and Treatment of Endometriosis","volume":"12","author":"Koninckx","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"hoz021","DOI":"10.1093\/hropen\/hoz021","article-title":"Unexplained Recurrent Pregnancy Loss and Unexplained Infertility: Twins in Disguise","volume":"2020","author":"Fox","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Open"},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.13937","article-title":"Chronic Endometritis and Its Effect on Reproduction","volume":"45","author":"Kimura","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.5653\/cerm.2016.43.4.185","article-title":"Chronic Endometritis and Infertility","volume":"43","author":"Park","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Reprod. Med."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.03.074","article-title":"Chronic Endometritis: Correlation among Hysteroscopic, Histologic, and Bacteriologic Findings in a Prospective Trial with 2190 Consecutive Office Hysteroscopies","volume":"89","author":"Cicinelli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1086\/423963","article-title":"Bacterial Vaginosis and Anaerobic Bacteria Are Associated with Endometritis","volume":"39","author":"Haggerty","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1159\/000072075","article-title":"Detection of Chronic Endometritis by Diagnostic Hysteroscopy in Asymptomatic Infertile Patients","volume":"55","author":"Polisseni","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gynecol. Obs. Investig."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12719","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12719","article-title":"Live Birth Rate Following Oral Antibiotic Treatment for Chronic Endometritis in Infertile Women with Repeated Implantation Failure","volume":"78","author":"Kitaya","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.5603\/FM.a2019.0095","article-title":"Endometrial Immunocompetent Cells in Proliferative and Secretory Phase of Normal Menstrual Cycle","volume":"79","year":"2020","journal-title":"Folia Morphol."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2018.01.022","article-title":"Comparison of the Prevalence of Chronic Endometritis as Determined by Means of Different Diagnostic Methods in Women with and without Reproductive Failure","volume":"109","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2011.01051.x","article-title":"Immunohistochemistrical and Clinicopathological Characterization of Chronic Endometritis","volume":"66","author":"Kitaya","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.09.039","article-title":"The Impact of Chronic Endometritis on Reproductive Outcome","volume":"96","author":"Kasius","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2018.12.007","article-title":"Correlation between Hysteroscopy Findings and Chronic Endometritis","volume":"111","author":"Song","year":"2019","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2010.98","article-title":"Aberrant Expression of Selectin E, CXCL1, and CXCL13 in Chronic Endometritis","volume":"23","author":"Kitaya","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mod. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.001","article-title":"Evaluation of Peripheral and Uterine Immune Status of Chronic Endometritis in Patients with Recurrent Reproductive Failure","volume":"113","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_149","first-page":"16","article-title":"Endometrial Polyps in Women of Reproductive Age: Clinical and Pathogene-Tic Variations","volume":"273","author":"Kosei","year":"2017","journal-title":"Georgian Med. News"},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogoh.2021.102182","article-title":"Hysteroscopic Detection of Chronic Endometritis: Evaluating Proposed Hysteroscopic Features Suggestive of Chronic Endometritis","volume":"50","author":"Tsonis","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Gynecol. Obstet. Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13372","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13372","article-title":"Alteration in Endometrial Helper T-cell Subgroups in Chronic Endometritis","volume":"85","author":"Kitazawa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-018-0444-9","article-title":"Endometrial TGF-\u03b2, IL-10, IL-17 and Autophagy Are Dysregulated in Women with Recurrent Implantation Failure with Chronic Endometritis","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12076","article-title":"Altered Transcriptional Regulation of Cytokines, Growth Factors, and Apoptotic Proteins in the Endometrium of Infertile Women with Chronic Endometritis","volume":"69","author":"Cicinelli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12858","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12858","article-title":"MiR-27a-3p and MiR-124-3p, Upregulated in Endometrium and Serum from Women Affected by Chronic Endometritis, Are New Potential Molecular Markers of Endometrial Receptivity","volume":"80","author":"Caruso","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2005.07.394","article-title":"Detection of Chronic Endometritis at Fluid Hysteroscopy","volume":"12","author":"Cicinelli","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Minim. Invasive Gynecol."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deaa015","article-title":"Seminal Plasma Promotes Decidualization of Endometrial Stromal Fibroblasts in Vitro from Women with and without Inflammatory Disorders in a Manner Dependent on Interleukin-11 Signaling","volume":"35","author":"George","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2019.03.001","article-title":"Thrombin Stimulates Gene Expression and Secretion of IL-11 via Protease-Activated Receptor-1 and Regulates Extravillous Trophoblast Cell Migration","volume":"132","author":"Shekhawat","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmi023","article-title":"Cytokines, Chemokines and Growth Factors in Endometrium Related to Implantation","volume":"11","author":"Dimitriadis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Update"},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gah107","article-title":"Interleukin-11 Expression: Its Significance in Eutopic and Ectopic Human Implantation","volume":"10","author":"Alfer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol. Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1108011","article-title":"The Role of Growth Factors and Cytokines during Implantation: Endocrine and Paracrine Interactions","volume":"Volume 27","author":"Kayisli","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Seminars in Reproductive Medicine"},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb43030096","article-title":"Evaluation of BCL6 and SIRT1 as Non-Invasive Diagnostic Markers of Endometriosis","volume":"43","author":"Sansone","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Issues Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719116649711","article-title":"Endometrial BCL6 Overexpression in Eutopic Endometrium of Women with Endometriosis","volume":"23","author":"Lessey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2041","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2013-1191","article-title":"COUP-TFII Regulates Human Endometrial Stromal Genes Involved in Inflammation","volume":"27","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dey220","article-title":"Suppression of COUP-TFII Upregulates Angiogenin and Promotes Angiogenesis in Endometriosis","volume":"33","author":"Fu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-1-34","article-title":"IL-11 and IL-11R\u03b1 Immunolocalisation at Primate Implantation Sites Supports a Role for IL-11 in Placentation and Fetal Development","volume":"1","author":"Dimitriadis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2006.00446.x","article-title":"Trophoblast\u2013Macrophage Interactions: A Regulatory Network for the Protection of Pregnancy","volume":"57","author":"Fest","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-015-0119-8","article-title":"Cationic Antimicrobial Peptide, Magainin down-Regulates Secretion of pro-Inflammatory Cytokines by Early Placental Cytotrophoblasts","volume":"13","author":"Anupa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-14-0395","article-title":"Biopsy-Induced Inflammatory Conditions Improve Endometrial Receptivity: The Mechanism of Action","volume":"149","author":"Gnainsky","year":"2015","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2016.02.023","article-title":"Optimal Uterine Anatomy and Physiology Necessary for Normal Implantation and Placentation","volume":"105","author":"Pirtea","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2018.04.012","article-title":"Endometritis: New Time, New Concepts","volume":"110","author":"Kitaya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2002.121625","article-title":"Effectiveness of Inpatient and Outpatient Treatment Strategies for Women with Pelvic Inflammatory Disease: Results from the Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Evaluation and Clinical Health (Peach) Randomized Trial","volume":"186","author":"Ness","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.12.019","article-title":"Impact of Antibiotic Therapy on the Rate of Negative Test Results for Chronic Endometritis: A Prospective Randomized Control Trial","volume":"115","author":"Song","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13143","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000013143","article-title":"Effect of Interventional Embolization Treatment for Hydrosalpinx on the Outcome of in Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer","volume":"97","author":"Hong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1722155","article-title":"Effects of Hydrosalpinx on Endometrial Implantation Failures: Evaluating Salpingectomy in Women Undergoing in Vitro Fertilization","volume":"43","author":"Palagiano","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Ginecol. Obs."},{"key":"ref_175","first-page":"6103","article-title":"Effects of Hydrosalpinx on Ultrasonographic Parameters for Endometrial Receptivity during the Window of Implantation Measured by Power Color Doppler Ultrasound","volume":"8","author":"Cheng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2016.01.046","article-title":"Effect of Hydrosalpinx on Uterine and Ovarian Hemodynamics in Women with Tubal Factor Infertility","volume":"199","author":"Ramadan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol."},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2005.05.076","article-title":"Comparison of Endometrial and Subendometrial Blood Flows among Patients with and without Hydrosalpinx Shown on Scanning during in Vitro Fertilization Treatment","volume":"85","author":"Ng","year":"2006","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1590\/1806-9282.63.12.1069","article-title":"The Impact of HSF on Endometrium","volume":"63","author":"Bao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev. Assoc. M\u00e9d. Bras."},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-019-00136-y","article-title":"Surgical Removal of Hydrosalpinx Improves Endometrium Receptivity by Decreasing Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Expression","volume":"27","author":"Ersahin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1876","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2021.04.011","article-title":"Is Chronic Endometritis Associated with Tubal Infertility? A Prospective Cohort Study","volume":"28","author":"Holzer","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Minim. Invasive Gynecol."},{"key":"ref_181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2006.06.041","article-title":"Salpingectomy Increases Peri-Implantation Endometrial HOXA10 Expression in Women with Hydrosalpinx","volume":"87","author":"Daftary","year":"2007","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."}],"container-title":["Current Issues in Molecular Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1467-3045\/44\/9\/260\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:14:13Z","timestamp":1760141653000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1467-3045\/44\/9\/260"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]]},"references-count":181,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]}},"alternative-id":["cimb44090260"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cimb44090260","relation":{},"ISSN":["1467-3045"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1467-3045","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]]}}}