{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T01:31:54Z","timestamp":1792027914705,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]],"date-time":"2022-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670371200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Program of Science, Technology, and Innovation Action Plan of Shanghai","award":["22Y11920300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22Y11920300"]}]},{"name":"Program of Science, Technology, and Innovation Action Plan of Shanghai","award":["92057119, 31970798"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["92057119, 31970798"]}]},{"name":"Program of Science, Technology, and Innovation Action Plan of Shanghai","award":["JIF157602"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JIF157602"]}]},{"name":"Program of Science, Technology, and Innovation Action Plan of Shanghai","award":["IDF157014\/002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IDF157014\/002"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22Y11920300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22Y11920300"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["92057119, 31970798"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["92057119, 31970798"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JIF157602"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JIF157602"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IDF157014\/002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IDF157014\/002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Program for Zhuoxue of Fudan University","award":["22Y11920300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22Y11920300"]}]},{"name":"Program for Zhuoxue of Fudan University","award":["92057119, 31970798"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["92057119, 31970798"]}]},{"name":"Program for Zhuoxue of Fudan University","award":["JIF157602"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JIF157602"]}]},{"name":"Program for Zhuoxue of Fudan University","award":["IDF157014\/002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IDF157014\/002"]}]},{"name":"Support Project for Original Personalized Research of Fudan University","award":["22Y11920300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22Y11920300"]}]},{"name":"Support Project for Original Personalized Research of Fudan University","award":["92057119, 31970798"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["92057119, 31970798"]}]},{"name":"Support Project for Original Personalized Research of Fudan University","award":["JIF157602"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JIF157602"]}]},{"name":"Support Project for Original Personalized Research of Fudan University","award":["IDF157014\/002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IDF157014\/002"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CIMB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Iron overload and oxidative stress have been reported to contribute to ferroptosis in endometriotic lesions. However, the possible roles of iron overload on macrophages in endometriosis (EMs) remain unknown. Based on recent reports by single-cell sequencing data of endometriosis, here we found significant upregulations of ferroptosis-associated genes in the macrophage of the endometriotic lesion. Additionally, there was an elevated expression of HMOX1, FTH1, and FTL in macrophages of peritoneal fluid in EMs, as well as iron accumulation in the endometriotic lesions. Notably, cyst fluid significantly up-regulated levels of intracellular iron and ferroptosis in Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-stimulated THP-1 cells. Additionally, high iron-induced ferroptosis obviously reduced PMA-stimulated THP-1 cells\u2019 phagocytosis and increased the expression of angiogenic cytokines, such as vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and interleukin 8 (IL8). Baicalein, a potential anti-ferroptosis compound, increased GPX4 expression, significantly inhibited ferroptosis, and restored phagocytosis of THP-1 cells in vitro. Collectively, our study reveals that ferroptosis triggered by high iron in cyst fluid promotes the development of EMs by impairing macrophage phagocytosis and producing more angiogenic cytokines (e.g., IL8 and VEGFA). Baicalein displays the potential for the treatment of EMs, especially in patients with high ferroptosis and low phagocytosis of macrophages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb44120422","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]],"date-time":"2022-12-08T03:35:53Z","timestamp":1670470553000},"page":"6189-6204","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Baicalein Relieves Ferroptosis-Mediated Phagocytosis Inhibition of Macrophages in Ovarian Endometriosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Zhi-Hui","family":"Yi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China"},{"name":"Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Disease, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu-Qing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China"},{"name":"Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Disease, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun-Ya","family":"Ke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Disease, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China"},{"name":"Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Disease, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, China"},{"name":"Department of Integrated Traditional & Western Medicine, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming-Zhi","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China"},{"name":"Department of Integrated Traditional & Western Medicine, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China"},{"name":"Department of Integrated Traditional & Western Medicine, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9276-0722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming-Qing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China"},{"name":"Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Disease, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi-Ling","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China"},{"name":"Department of Integrated Traditional & Western Medicine, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.029","article-title":"Pathogenesis and pathophysiology of endometriosis","volume":"98","author":"Burney","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fertil. 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