{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T21:54:38Z","timestamp":1781906078142,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]],"date-time":"2023-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CIMB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: Hydatidosis, or human cystic echinococcosis, is a zoonotic disease. Endemic in some areas, recently it has an increasing incidence in wider regions, determined by population migration. Clinical features depend on the localization and level of infection: asymptomatic or with signs related to hypersensitivity, organic functional deficiencies, expanding mass effects, cyst infection and sudden death. In rare cases, the rupture of a hydatid cyst causes emboli formation by the residual laminated membrane. (2) Methods: We performed an extensive literature review, starting from the case of a 25-year-old patient presenting with neurologic symptoms relevant for acute stroke, associating right upper limb ischemia. (3) Results: Imaging investigations revealed the source of the emboli as the rupture of a hydatid cyst, the patient presenting multiple pericardial and mediastinal localizations. Cerebral imaging confirmed an acute left occipital ischemic lesion, with complete recovery of the neurological deficit after therapy, while surgery for acute brachial artery ischemia had a favorable postoperative evolution. Specific anthelmintic therapy was initiated. An extensive literature review using available databases revealed the scarcity of data on embolism as a consequence of cyst rupture, highlighting the significant risk of clinicians overlooking this possible etiology. (4) Conclusions: An associated allergic reaction should raise the hypothesis of a hydatid cyst rupture as a cause of any level acute ischemic lesion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb45030170","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]],"date-time":"2023-03-22T07:46:43Z","timestamp":1679471203000},"page":"2597-2608","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Stroke-Associating Acute Limb Ischemia Due to the Rupture of a Hydatid Cyst"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Mihaela","family":"Lungu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cSt. Apostle Andrei\u201d Clinical Emergency County Hospital Galati, 800578 Galati, Romania"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, \u201cDunarea de Jos\u201d University of Galati, 800216 Galati, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0871-1339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Violeta Diana","family":"Oprea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cSt. Apostle Andrei\u201d Clinical Emergency County Hospital Galati, 800578 Galati, Romania"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, \u201cDunarea de Jos\u201d University of Galati, 800216 Galati, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrei Lucian","family":"Zaharia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cSt. Apostle Andrei\u201d Clinical Emergency County Hospital Galati, 800578 Galati, Romania"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, \u201cDunarea de Jos\u201d University of Galati, 800216 Galati, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bianca","family":"Stan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cSt. Apostle Andrei\u201d Clinical Emergency County Hospital Galati, 800578 Galati, Romania"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, \u201cDunarea de Jos\u201d University of Galati, 800216 Galati, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8187-7984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Rebegea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cSt. Apostle Andrei\u201d Clinical Emergency County Hospital Galati, 800578 Galati, Romania"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, \u201cDunarea de Jos\u201d University of Galati, 800216 Galati, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan Iulian","family":"Mocanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cSt. Apostle Andrei\u201d Clinical Emergency County Hospital Galati, 800578 Galati, Romania"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, \u201cDunarea de Jos\u201d University of Galati, 800216 Galati, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva Maria","family":"Elkan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, \u201cDunarea de Jos\u201d University of Galati, 800216 Galati, Romania"},{"name":"\u201cSt. Joan\u201d Pediatric Clinical Emergency Hospital Galati, 800487 Galati, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Niculet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cSt. Apostle Andrei\u201d Clinical Emergency County Hospital Galati, 800578 Galati, Romania"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, \u201cDunarea de Jos\u201d University of Galati, 800216 Galati, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3944-7263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Croitoru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cSt. Apostle Andrei\u201d Clinical Emergency County Hospital Galati, 800578 Galati, Romania"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, \u201cDunarea de Jos\u201d University of Galati, 800216 Galati, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.15171\/jcvtr.2019.13","article-title":"Cardiac hydatid cyst: A rare presentation of echinococcal infection","volume":"11","author":"Firouzi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Thorac. Res."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a015045","article-title":"Fifteen year surveillance of echinococcal heart disease from a referral hospital in Greece","volume":"17","author":"Kardaras","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-2113.177449","article-title":"Cystic pulmonary hydatidosis","volume":"33","author":"Sarkar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lung India"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1023346","article-title":"Cardiac Echinococcosis and Systemic Embolism. Report of a Case","volume":"32","author":"Madariaga","year":"1984","journal-title":"Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800521110","article-title":"An experimental approach to evaluate the potential risk of hydatid disease from inhalation of echinococcus ova","volume":"52","author":"Borrie","year":"1965","journal-title":"Br. J. Surg."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1007\/s002680020007","article-title":"Hydatid Cyst of the Lung: Diagnosis and Treatment","volume":"25","author":"Ramos","year":"2001","journal-title":"World J. Surg."},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"Shields, T.W., LoCicero, J., and Ponn, R.B. (2000). General Thoracic Surgery, Lippincot Williams and Wilkins. [5th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-9877(03)00108-7","article-title":"A novel terminology and dissemination theory for a subgroup of intrathoracic extrapulmonary hydatid cysts","volume":"61","author":"Isitmangil","year":"2003","journal-title":"Med. Hypotheses"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02524808","article-title":"Cardiac echinococcosis with multivisceral involvement","volume":"17","author":"Uysalel","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pediatr. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2018.12.005","article-title":"Acute limb ischemia caused by ruptured cardiac hydatid cyst\u2014A case report","volume":"55","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg. Case Rep."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.101.11.1352","article-title":"Cardiac Echinococcosis","volume":"101","author":"Maffeis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2004.04.031","article-title":"Left ventricular hydatid cyst presenting with acute ischemic stroke: Case report","volume":"17","author":"Yaliniz","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1007\/s003300100988","article-title":"Pulmonary embolism due to cardiac hydatid disease: Imaging findings of unusual complication of hydatid cyst","volume":"12","author":"Odev","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur. Radiol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2006.11.251","article-title":"Large hydatic cyst of the left ventricle associated with syncopal attacks","volume":"118","author":"Niarchos","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"921","article-title":"Hydatid cyst of the heart located in the interventricular septum","volume":"16","author":"Kammoun","year":"2000","journal-title":"Can. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E20","DOI":"10.5152\/akd.2015.6341","article-title":"A rare cause of embolism in the popliteal artery of an adolescent: Ruptured cardiac hydatid cyst","volume":"15","author":"Ozturk","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anatol. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1997.86.4.0714","article-title":"Secondary multiple intracranial hydatid cysts caused by intracerebral embolism of cardiac echinococcosis: An exceptional case of hydatidosis","volume":"86","author":"Turgut","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"120","article-title":"Stroke: A rare presentation of cardiac hydatidosis","volume":"51","author":"Singh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurol. India"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.4103\/JPN.JPN_141_17","article-title":"Intracranial Hydatid Cyst: A Report of Three Cases in North-West India","volume":"13","author":"Gautam","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"214","article-title":"Intracranial hydatid cyst: A report of five cases and review of literature","volume":"47","author":"Gupta","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurol. India"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2016.06.011","article-title":"A Male Patient with Syncope, Anaphylaxis, and ST-Elevation: Hepatic and Cardiac Echinococcosis Presenting with Kounis Syndrome","volume":"51","author":"Mirijello","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.78.2.327","article-title":"Two-dimensional echocardiographic features of echinococcosis of the heart and great blood vessels. Clinical and surgical implications","volume":"78","author":"Oliver","year":"1988","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annfar.2013.07.813","article-title":"Accident vasculaire c\u00e9r\u00e9bral isch\u00e9mique: Une complication rare du kyste hydatique du foie","volume":"32","author":"Ghadhoune","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. Fr. D\u2019Anesth. R\u00e9anim."},{"key":"ref_24","unstructured":"Thomas, L. (1998). Clinic Laboratory Diagnostics\u2014Use and Assessment of Clinical Laboratory Results, VerlagsgesellschaftmbH. [1st ed.]. TH-Books."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(02)04709-4","article-title":"Off-pump technique for the treatment of ventricular myocardial echinococcosis","volume":"75","author":"Tarcan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. Thorac. Surg."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.4103\/2141-9248.133476","article-title":"Uncommon locations and presentations of hydatid cyst","volume":"4","author":"Goyal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. Med. Health Sci. Res."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.27.3.366","article-title":"Intracardiac Rupture of Hydatid Cysts of the Heart. A study based on three personal observations and 101 cases in the world literature","volume":"27","year":"1963","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1067\/mje.2001.108474","article-title":"Hydatid cyst of the heart as a rare cause of embolization: Report of 5 cases and review of published reports","volume":"14","author":"Aytemir","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1326","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.35.12.1326","article-title":"Cardiac echinococcosis: Clinical picture and complications","volume":"35","author":"Duran","year":"1973","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28634","DOI":"10.3402\/ljm.v10.28634","article-title":"Interventricular septum hydatid cyst presenting with acute lower limb ischemia: A case report","volume":"10","author":"Abir","year":"2015","journal-title":"Libyan J. Med."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E364","DOI":"10.1532\/HSF98.20041056","article-title":"A Rare Presentation of Cardiac Hydatid Cyst: Stroke and Acute Aortic Occlusion","volume":"7","author":"Yaliniz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Heart Surg. Forum"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-1331.2001.00180.x","article-title":"Ischemic stroke of unusual cause: Clinical features, etiology and outcome","volume":"8","author":"Arboix","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/s12055-009-0047-3","article-title":"Hydatid cyst of the heart: An uncommon lesion","volume":"25","author":"Rai","year":"2009","journal-title":"Indian J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1007\/s005950200198","article-title":"Arterial embolism caused by a ruptured hydatid cyst in the heart: Report of a case","volume":"32","author":"Ceviz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Surg. Today"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.20.3.g00ma06795","article-title":"Hydatid Disease: Radiologic and Pathologic Features and Complications","volume":"20","author":"Pedrosa","year":"2000","journal-title":"RadioGraphics"},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"758","article-title":"Multivisceral echinococcosis: Concept, diagnosis, management","volume":"109","author":"Grozavu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chirurgia"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1024\/0301-1526.31.2.129","article-title":"A rare cause of peripheral arterial embolism: Ruptured cardiac hydatid cyst","volume":"31","author":"Ceyran","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vasa"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15226\/2573-864X\/2\/5\/00129","article-title":"Cardiac Hydatid Cyst Rupture and Embolization Causing Lower Limb Ischemia and Multiple Infarcts: A Case Report","volume":"2","author":"Hussain","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiovasc. Thorac. Surg."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2007.05.114","article-title":"Cardiac involvement of Echinococcus granulosus evaluated by multi-contrast CMR imaging","volume":"131","author":"Kelle","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1007\/s002680020008","article-title":"Cardiopericardial Hydatid Cysts","volume":"25","author":"Thameur","year":"2001","journal-title":"World J. Surg."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-022-05770-7","article-title":"Hydatid disease of the brain and spine","volume":"39","author":"Padayachy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Child\u2019s Nerv. Syst."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wen, H., Vuitton, L., Tuxun, T., Li, J., Vuitton, D.A., Zhang, W., and McManus, D.P. (2019). Echinococcosis: Advances in the 21st Century. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 32.","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00075-18"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu931","article-title":"Current Management of Cystic Echinococcosis: A Survey of Specialist Practice","volume":"60","author":"Nabarro","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1159\/000120770","article-title":"Complications of Central Nervous System Hydatid Disease","volume":"20","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pediatr. Neurosurg."},{"key":"ref_45","first-page":"5645812","article-title":"Successful Surgical Treatment of a Brain Stem Hydatid Cyst in a Child","volume":"2020","author":"Alok","year":"2020","journal-title":"Case Rep. Surg."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1967","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-018-3883-x","article-title":"Hydatid disease (Echinococcus) of the central nervous system","volume":"34","author":"Padayachy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Child\u2019s Nerv. Syst."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2000.93.1.0001","article-title":"Central nervous system hydatidosis in Turkey: A cooperative study and literature survey analysis of 458 cases","volume":"93","author":"Bavbek","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2009.11.001","article-title":"Expert consensus for the diagnosis and treatment of cystic and alveolar echinococcosis in humans","volume":"114","author":"Brunetti","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1302\/2058-5241.6.200130","article-title":"Echinococcosis of the spine","volume":"6","author":"Sioutis","year":"2021","journal-title":"EFORT Open Rev."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1990.11812496","article-title":"Treatment of Echinococcus granulosu shydatid disease with Albendazole","volume":"84","author":"Teggi","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2015.22.355.8108","article-title":"Kyste hydatique du foie compliqu\u00e9 d\u2019un accident vasculaire c\u00e9r\u00e9bral isch\u00e9mique: \u00c0 propos d\u2019un cas","volume":"22","author":"Turki","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pan Afr. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v7.i3.633","article-title":"Unusual presentation of severely disseminated and rapidly progressive hydatic cyst: Malignant hydatidosis","volume":"7","author":"Hammami","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Santucciu, C., Bonelli, P., Peruzzu, A., Fancellu, A., Marras, V., Carta, A., Mastrandrea, S., Bagella, G., Piseddu, T., and Profili, S. (2020). Cystic Echinococcosis: Clinical, Immunological, and Biomolecular Evaluation of Patients from Sardinia (Italy). Pathogens, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9110907"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.16.1.18-36.2003","article-title":"Concepts in Immunology and Diagnosis of Hydatid Disease","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-018-1348-9","article-title":"First molecular characterization of Echinococcus granulosus (sensu stricto) genotype 1 among cattle in Sudan","volume":"14","author":"Ahmed","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Vet. Res."},{"key":"ref_56","unstructured":"De, A.K., Sujatha, T., Sunder, J., Bala, P., Perumal, P., Bhattacharya, D., and Chakurkar, E.B. (2022, April 06). Eg95: A Vaccine against Cystic Echinococcosis. Vaccine Development. Available online: https:\/\/www.intechopen.com\/chapters\/79843."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.2478\/v10039-009-0028-1","article-title":"Blindness following Rupture of Hepatic Hydatid Cyst: A Case Report","volume":"54","author":"Yucel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Adv. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2022.11487","article-title":"Cardiac hydatid cysts in a young man: A case report and a literature review","volume":"24","author":"Bajdechi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"key":"ref_59","first-page":"e616","article-title":"Acute arterial embolism as the clinical presentation of a disseminated hydatidosis: Case report","volume":"116","author":"Rossetti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch. Argent. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.08.024","article-title":"Intracardiac echinococcosis cyst mimicking a septal cardiac tumor with neurological symptoms","volume":"88","author":"Derbel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.26502\/acmcr.96550080","article-title":"Incidentally Detected Cardiac and Hepatic Hydatid Cyst after Sudden Onset Facial Paralysis: A Case Report","volume":"3","author":"Stiru","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch. Clin. Med. Case Rep."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.10.018","article-title":"An unusual cause of stroke and sudden death: Intracavitary left ventricular echinococcosis","volume":"90","author":"Zghal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-020-01420-z","article-title":"Cardiac Tumors: Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment","volume":"22","author":"Bussani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Cardiol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_64","first-page":"e20","article-title":"Sudden Death due to Hydatid Cyst Emboli; a Case Report","volume":"6","author":"Hadi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Emergency (Tehran)"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-022-05197-8","article-title":"Species and genotypes belonging to Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato complex causing human cystic echinococcosis in Europe (2000\u20132021): A systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Casulli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"}],"container-title":["Current Issues in Molecular Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1467-3045\/45\/3\/170\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T19:00:22Z","timestamp":1760122822000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1467-3045\/45\/3\/170"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]}},"alternative-id":["cimb45030170"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cimb45030170","relation":{},"ISSN":["1467-3045"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1467-3045","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]]}}}