{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T12:19:45Z","timestamp":1791461985760,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]],"date-time":"2023-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687996800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, China","award":["2022JJ30295"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022JJ30295"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, China","award":["18A108"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18A108"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, China","award":["kq1801016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["kq1801016"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department, China","award":["2022JJ30295"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022JJ30295"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department, China","award":["18A108"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18A108"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department, China","award":["kq1801016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["kq1801016"]}]},{"name":"Major Research plan of the Changsha","award":["2022JJ30295"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022JJ30295"]}]},{"name":"Major Research plan of the Changsha","award":["18A108"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18A108"]}]},{"name":"Major Research plan of the Changsha","award":["kq1801016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["kq1801016"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CIMB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study investigated the pharmacological and pathological effects of aqueous mulberry leaf extract on type 1 diabetes mellitus mice induced with an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Diabetic mice were randomized into six groups: control (normal group), model, metformin-treated mice, and high-dose, medium-dose, and low-dose mulberry. The mulberry-treated mice were divided into high-, medium-, and low-dose groups based on the various doses of aqueous mulberry leaf extract during gavage. The efficacy of the six-week intervention was evaluated by measuring levels of fasting plasma glucose, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase, blood urea nitrogen, gamma-glutamyl transferase, glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lactate dehydrogenase, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and recording body weight. Results revealed that mulberry leaf extract exhibited an ideal hypoglycemic effect, and the high-dose group was the most affected. Histology analysis, glycogen staining and apoptosis detection were used to study the extract\u2019s effects on the liver, kidney, and pancreatic cells of diabetic mice, enabling the assessment of its effectiveness and complications on a clinical and theoretical basis. It was shown that a certain concentration of aqueous mulberry leaf extract repaired the islet cells of type 1 diabetes mellitus mice, promoting normal insulin secretion. Herein, it was confirmed that mulberry leaf could be used to develop new hypoglycemic drugs or functional health food with broad applicability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb45070343","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]],"date-time":"2023-06-29T01:53:57Z","timestamp":1688003637000},"page":"5403-5421","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Pharmacological and Pathological Effects of Mulberry Leaf Extract on the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Liru","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China"},{"name":"Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Rapeseed Oil Nutrition Health and Deep Development, Changsha 410128, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China"},{"name":"Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Rapeseed Oil Nutrition Health and Deep Development, Changsha 410128, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingping","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Rapeseed Oil Nutrition Health and Deep Development, Changsha 410128, China"},{"name":"College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiyin","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China"},{"name":"Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Rapeseed Oil Nutrition Health and Deep Development, Changsha 410128, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6194-2796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hang","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China"},{"name":"Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Rapeseed Oil Nutrition Health and Deep Development, Changsha 410128, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4364-5699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhonghai","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China"},{"name":"Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Rapeseed Oil Nutrition Health and Deep Development, Changsha 410128, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153952","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2019.153952","article-title":"Environmental and genetic contributions to diabetes","volume":"100S","author":"Tremblay","year":"2019","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"International Diabetes Federation (IDF) (2019). 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