{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T09:50:10Z","timestamp":1762509010682,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]],"date-time":"2023-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Japan Society for Promoting Science","award":["19K09840","STSC20001","2019-Cancer in general-02","22ym0126802j0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19K09840","STSC20001","2019-Cancer in general-02","22ym0126802j0001"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002241","name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19K09840","STSC20001","2019-Cancer in general-02","22ym0126802j0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19K09840","STSC20001","2019-Cancer in general-02","22ym0126802j0001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002241","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Hospital Organization Multicenter clinical study","award":["19K09840","STSC20001","2019-Cancer in general-02","22ym0126802j0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19K09840","STSC20001","2019-Cancer in general-02","22ym0126802j0001"]}]},{"name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)","award":["19K09840","STSC20001","2019-Cancer in general-02","22ym0126802j0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19K09840","STSC20001","2019-Cancer in general-02","22ym0126802j0001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CIMB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The benign tumor uterine leiomyoma (UL) develops from the smooth muscle tissue that constitutes the uterus, whereas malignant tumor uterine sarcoma develops from either the smooth muscle tissue or stroma and is different from UL and endometrial cancer. Uterine sarcoma is broadly classified into three types: uterine leiomyosarcoma, endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS), and carcinosarcoma. Although uterine leiomyosarcoma and ESS are both classified as uterine sarcoma, they significantly differ in terms of their sites of occurrence, symptoms, and treatment methods. Uterine leiomyosarcoma develops from the muscle tissue constituting the wall of the uterus and accounts for approximately 70% of all uterine sarcoma cases. In contrast, ESS develops from the stromal tissue beneath the endometrium and accounts for approximately 25% of all uterine sarcoma cases. ESS is classified as either low grade (LG) or high grade (HG). This case report aimed to highlight the importance of histopathologic examinations based on surgical specimens. Herein, we reported the case of a 45-year-old woman suspected of having submucosal leiomyoma of the uterus based on imaging results. Transvaginal ultrasonography and endometrial biopsy or partial dilation and curettage were performed. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a 32-mm mass projecting from the posterior wall of the uterus into the uterine cavity. T2-weighted imaging revealed a low signal within the mass; thus, submucosal UL was suspected. Histopathologic examination of surgical specimens obtained from a patient suspected of having submucosal UL after contrast-enhanced MRI indicated that the patient had ESS. Despite the remarkable advancements in medical imaging technology, the accuracy of contrast-enhanced MRI for detecting uterine mesenchymal tumors is limited. Therefore, histopathologic diagnosis based on surgical specimens should be performed when medical grounds for diagnosing a benign tumor on contrast-enhanced MRI are lacking.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb45080390","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,26]],"date-time":"2023-07-26T01:11:26Z","timestamp":1690333886000},"page":"6190-6201","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Characteristic of Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma by Algorithm of Potential Biomarkers for Uterine Mesenchymal Tumor"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7525-2048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takuma","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Centre, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Medical R&D Promotion Project, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo 103-0022, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Sano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical R&D Promotion Project, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo 103-0022, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Shinshu University Hospital, Nagano 390-8621, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nobuo","family":"Yaegashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical R&D Promotion Project, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo 103-0022, Japan"},{"name":"Section of Assistant Director, Sendai Red Cross Hospital, Miyagi 982-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kaoru","family":"Abiko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Centre, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ikuo","family":"Konishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Centre, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Medical R&D Promotion Project, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo 103-0022, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2020). 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